Our Intuitive Grasp of the Repugnant Conclusion
Our Intuitive Grasp of the Repugnant Conclusion
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我们对令人反感的结论的直觉把握
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Gustafsson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Gustafsson
。根据总功利主义，第一种结果至少和第二种结果一样好，当且仅当第一种结果的幸福总和至少和第二种结果的幸福总和一样好。总功利主义暗示了令人反感的结论，即，对于每一个拥有非常高幸福感的100亿人口，都有一个由非常多的人组成的人口，他们的生活将会更好，即使他们的生活几乎不值得活下去。令人反感的结论是反直觉的。但这种直觉作为反对总功利主义的证据可靠吗？对全面功利主义的潜在辩护是，在这种情况下，我们的直觉是不可靠的，因为令人反感的结论涉及到非常大的数字。本章考虑了这类早期的一些建议，并提出了一种基于我们对令人反感的结论的直觉的不可靠性是由于我们对道德相关因素的直觉把握的轻微不敏感的想法。
. According to Total Utilitarianism, a first outcome is at least as good as a second outcome if and only if the sum total of well-being in the first is at least as great as the sum total of well-being in the second. Total Utilitarianism implies the Repugnant Conclusion, which says that, for every population consisting of ten billion people with very high well-being, there is a population consisting ofa very large number of people whose existence would be better even though its members have lives that are barely worth living. The Repugnant Conclusion is counter-intuitive. But is this intuition reliable as evidence against Total Utilitarianism? A potential defence of Total Utilitarianism is that our intuition is unreliable in this case because the Repugnant Conclusion involves very large numbers. This chapter consid-ers some earlier proposals of this kind and proposes a variation based on the idea that the unreliability of our intuition about the Repugnant Conclusion is due to a slight insensitivity in our intuitive grasp of the morally relevant factors.