Self-report captures 27 distinct categories of emotion bridged by continuous gradients
Self-report captures 27 distinct categories of emotion bridged by continuous gradients
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1702247114
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发表时间：
2017-09-19
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Keltner, Dacher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowen, Alan S.;Keltner, Dacher
情绪集中在主观体验中，人们用数百个，如果不是数千个，语义术语来表示。关于情绪状态的分布和情绪类别之间的界限（即情绪语义空间的几何组织）的主张引发了激烈的争论。在这里，我们引入了一个概念框架来分析由2,185个短视频引起的报告的情绪状态，研究迄今为止研究的最丰富的报告的情绪体验阵列，以及报告的情绪体验在多大程度上由离散和维度几何结构化。在自我报告方法中，我们发现视频可靠地引出了27种不同的情感体验。进一步的分析表明，娱乐等分类标签比通常测量的情感维度（例如，效价和唤醒）。虽然报告的情感体验表示在一个语义空间内最好的分类标签捕捉，情感类别之间的边界是模糊的，而不是离散的。通过分析所报告的情绪状态的分布，我们发现了情绪的梯度--从焦虑到恐惧、从恐惧到厌恶、从平静到审美、从敬畏等等--这些梯度对应于效价和主导地位等情感维度的平滑变化。报告的情绪状态占据了一个复杂的、高维的分类空间。此外，我们的视频库和它们引发的情绪状态的交互式地图（https：//s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/emogifs/map.html）可用于推进情绪科学。
Emotions are centered in subjective experiences that people represent, in part, with hundreds, if not thousands, of semantic terms. Claims about the distribution of reported emotional states and the boundaries between emotion categories-that is, the geometric organization of the semantic space of emotion-have sparked intense debate. Here we introduce a conceptual framework to analyze reported emotional states elicited by 2,185 short videos, examining the richest array of reported emotional experiences studied to date and the extent to which reported experiences of emotion are structured by discrete and dimensional geometries. Across self-report methods, we find that the videos reliably elicit 27 distinct varieties of reported emotional experience. Further analyses revealed that categorical labels such as amusement better capture reports of subjective experience than commonly measured affective dimensions (e.g., valence and arousal). Although reported emotional experiences are represented within a semantic space best captured by categorical labels, the boundaries between categories of emotion are fuzzy rather than discrete. By analyzing the distribution of reported emotional states we uncover gradients of emotion-from anxiety to fear to horror to disgust, calmness to aesthetic appreciation to awe, and others-that correspond to smooth variation in affective dimensions such as valence and dominance. Reported emotional states occupy a complex, high-dimensional categorical space. In addition, our library of videos and an interactive map of the emotional states they elicit (https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/emogifs/map.html) are made available to advance the science of emotion.