Significant Others' Weight-Related Comments and Their Associations With Weight-Control Behavior, Muscle-Enhancing Behavior, and Emotional Well-Being
Significant Others' Weight-Related Comments and Their Associations With Weight-Control Behavior, Muscle-Enhancing Behavior, and Emotional Well-Being
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DOI：
10.1037/fsh0000298
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenberg, Marla E.;Franz, Rachel;Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne
导言：这项大型的混合方法研究考察了来自重要他人的积极和消极的体重相关评论的流行率，以及这些评论与年轻人的体重控制、肌肉增强行为和情绪健康之间的联系。方法：作为EAT项目(青少年和年轻人的饮食和活动)-IV的一部分，在2015-2016年间，1436名有重要伴侣的年轻成年男性和女性(平均年龄=31.1岁；58.6%的女性)提供了调查数据。自变量包括报告的关于体型或体型的正面或负面评论的频率；正面评论的书面例子被定性地编码为亚型。协方差分析，调整身体质量指数，测试评论与体重控制行为、肌肉增强行为以及各种情绪幸福感指标(即身体满意度、自尊和抑郁症状)之间的关联。结果：从他们重要的人那里得到正面评价的参与者大约是负面评价的两倍(75%比36%)。接受正面和/或负面的评论与身体满意度、自尊和抑郁症状有关，但与体重控制和肌肉增强行为基本无关。在几乎所有的情况下，没有收到评论的人比只收到负面评论的人的幸福感要好得多。在不同类型的积极评论中，体重控制或肌肉增强行为或情绪幸福感方面的差异很小。讨论：报告收到来自重要他人的负面评论比收到正面评论或根本没有收到与体重有关的评论与较差的情绪幸福感有关。治疗师和其他从事夫妻工作的健康专业人员应该考虑向年轻人提供关于体重和体型的积极反馈的明显优势，或者完全避免发表评论。
Introduction: This large mixed-method study examines the prevalence of reported positive and negative weight-related comments from significant others and ways in which they are associated with weight-control and muscle-enhancing behaviors and emotional well-being in young adults. Method: As part of Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults)-IV, survey data were provided by 1,436 young adult men and women with a significant other in 2015-2016 (mean age = 31.1 years; 58.6% women). Independent variables included the reported frequency of receiving positive or negative comments about body shape or size; written examples of positive comments were qualitatively coded for subtypes. Analysis of covariance, adjusting for body mass index, tested associations between comments and weight-control behaviors, muscle-enhancing behaviors, and various measures of emotional well-being (i.e., body satisfaction, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms). Results: About twice as many participants received positive comments from their significant others compared to negative comments (75% vs. 36%). Receiving positive and/or negative comments was related to body satisfaction, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms but was largely unrelated to weight-control and muscle-enhancing behaviors. In almost all cases, receiving no comments was associated with significantly better well-being than was receiving only negative comments. There were few differences in weight-control or muscle-enhancing behaviors or emotional well-being across subtypes of positive comments. Discussion: Reporting the receipt of negative comments from significant others was associated with poorer emotional well-being than was receiving positive comments or no weight-related comments at all. Therapists and other health professionals working with couples should consider advising young adults on the apparent advantages of providing positive feedback regarding weight and shape or abstaining from commenting altogether.