Impact of protected areas and co-management on forest cover: A case study from Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh
Impact of protected areas and co-management on forest cover: A case study from Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh
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保护区和共同管理对森林覆盖的影响：孟加拉国特克纳夫野生动物保护区的案例研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105932
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Moriyama Masao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ullah S M Asik;Tani Masakazu;Tsuchiya Jun;Rahman M.Abiar;Moriyama Masao
森林砍伐是一个全球严重关切的问题。建立覆盖近15%的世界表面的保护区(PA)是保护森林的主要方法之一。最近，保护区在全球范围内的扩展导致当地社区参与森林管理进程，这一办法被称为“共同管理”。在共同管理下的保护区预计将保护生物多样性，同时向当地社区提供支持。森林共同管理的这一趋势显示出好坏参半的结果，需要更好地了解其对森林和人类的影响。本研究试图探讨孟加拉森林保护区--特克纳夫野生动物保护区(TWS)的森林覆盖变化。将使用遥感来评估土地覆盖的变化，然后进行家庭调查，以确定造成这种变化的当地住区的影响。为了分析PA和共同管理对森林覆盖的影响，考虑了1989、2007、2009和2015年的卫星图像，因为可以获得高质量的图像。研究发现，从1989年到2015年，与PA境内的相比，该地区的森林覆盖率下降了46%；PA境内的森林砍伐比PA以外的更多。此外，在实行共同管理办法后，巴勒斯坦权力机构内部的森林砍伐率有所增加。除退耕还林外，林木覆盖率从核心林区向安置区转移，对生物多样性造成了严重的负面影响。家庭调查列出了该地区的57404户家庭，其中5195户位于PA内。保护区共同管理的目的是让当地社区参与森林管理，但这项研究表明，当地社区正在造成更多的森林砍伐，并将树木覆盖率向森林边界转移。建立一个大型多用途缓冲区以确保核心林区的长期保有权可能是一个可行的选择。这种缓冲区可以提供有效的安全并改善当地人民的生计。
Deforestation is a matter of serious global concern. Establishing protected areas (PAs), which cover nearly 15% of the world’s surface, is one of the leading approaches to forest conservation. The recent global expansion of PAs has led to the inclusion of local communities in the forest management process, an approach referred to as “co-management.” PAs under co-management are expected to conserve biodiversity while providing support to local communities. This trend for forest co-management has shown mixed results, and a better understanding of its impact on forests and people is required. This study attempts to explore the forest-cover change in a PA of Bangladesh—the Teknaf Wildlife Sanctuary (TWS). Remote sensing will be used to assess the land-cover change, followed by a household survey to define the impact of local settlements responsible for this change. To analyze the impact of PA and co-management on forest cover, satellite images from 1989, 2007, 2009, and 2015 were considered due to the availability of quality images. The study found that from 1989 to 2015, the region saw a 46% decrease in forest cover compared to 64% inside the PA boundary; deforestation occurred more inside the PA than outside. Moreover, after the implementation of a co-management approach, the rate of deforestation increased inside the PA. Besides the forest conversion, the tree coverage shifted from the core forest area toward the settlement area, causing serious negative impacts on biodiversity. The household survey listed 57,404 households in the region, among which 5195 were situated inside the PA. Co-management in PAs was intended to involve local communities in forest management, but this study showed that the local community is causing more deforestation and shifting the tree coverage towards the forest boundaries. The creation of a large, multi-use buffer zone to ensure the long-term tenure of the core forest area could be a viable option. Such buffer zones can provide effective security and enhance local people’s livelihoods.