Casimir forces and non-Newtonian gravitation
Casimir forces and non-Newtonian gravitation
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卡西米尔力和非牛顿引力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
R. Onofrio
中科院分区：
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作者：
R. Onofrio
寻找牛顿引力的非相对论偏差可能会导致新的现象，表明引力与其他基本相互作用是统一的。最近的各种理论框架表明，引力耦合强度在微米范围内的非牛顿力可能存在一个窗口。如果考虑介电材料而不是导电材料，在相同范围内的主要预期背景可归因于卡西米尔力或其变体。在这里，我们回顾了迄今为止在微米范围内进行的卡西米力的测量，以及它们如何确定对非牛顿引力的限制，并讨论了错误信号的主要来源。我们还提出了一种与几何无关的关于测量常数ℏc的数据的参数化。任何Casimir力的测量都应该导致常数ℏc的确定，一旦考虑到所有的校正，为了评估测量的准确性，可以将其与通过微观测量获得的更精确的值进行比较。尽管过去十年的实验已经证实了卡西米尔力，但就能否发现新的物理而言，情况并不是决定性的。未来的实验和新的现象学分析将是必要的，以发现非牛顿力或将它们可能存在的窗口推入参数空间中理论上看起来不自然的区域。
The search for non-relativistic deviations from Newtonian gravitation can lead to new phenomena signalling the unification of gravity with the other fundamental interactions. Various recent theoretical frameworks indicate a possible window for non-Newtonian forces with gravitational coupling strength in the micrometre range. The major expected background in the same range is attributable to the Casimir force or variants of it if dielectric materials, rather than conducting ones, are considered. Here we review the measurements of the Casimir force performed so far in the micrometre range and how they determine constraints on non-Newtonian gravitation, also discussing the dominant sources of false signals. We also propose a geometry-independent parameterization of all data in terms of the measurement of the constant ℏ c. Any Casimir force measurement should lead, once all corrections are taken into account, to a determination of the constant ℏ c which, in order to assess the accuracy of the measurement, can be compared with its more precise value known through microscopic measurements. Although the last decade of experiments has resulted in solid demonstrations of the Casimir force, the situation is not conclusive with respect to being able to discover new physics. Future experiments and novel phenomenological analysis will be necessary to discover non-Newtonian forces or to push the window for their possible existence into regions of the parameter space which theoretically appear unnatural.