Transient variation in seismic wave speed points to fast fluid movement in the Earth's outer core

Transient variation in seismic wave speed points to fast fluid movement in the Earth's outer core
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地震波速度的瞬态变化表明地球外核中的流体快速运动

DOI:
10.1038/s43247-022-00432-7
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
7.9
通讯作者:
Zhou, Ying
Zhou, Ying
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhou, Ying

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固体内核通过液态金属外核的结晶而生长。这个过程释放潜热和轻元素,提供热力和化学浮力来驱动地球的地球发电机。在这里,我们通过测量近震源处的成对大地震产生的穿透核心的 SKS 波的传播时间来研究液体外核的时间变化。虽然大多数测量不需要改变外核,但我们观察到,在第二次地震发生时,也就是第一次地震发生大约 20 年后,通过低纬太平洋外核上半部传播的 SKS 波传播速度快了约一秒。这一观测结果可以用 2-3% 的密度赤字来解释,这可能与外核局部瞬态流中的高浓度轻元素有关,流速约为 40 公里/年。
The solid inner core grows through crystallization of the liquid metallic outer core. This process releases latent heat as well as light elements, providing thermal and chemical buoyancy forces to drive the Earth’s geodynamo. Here we investigate temporal changes in the liquid outer core by measuring travel times of core-penetrating SKS waves produced by pairs of large earthquakes at close hypocenters. While the majority of the measurements do not require a change in the outer core, we observe SKS waves that propagate through the upper half of the outer core in the low latitude Pacific travel about one second faster at the time when the second earthquake occurred, about 20 years after the first earthquake. This observation can be explained by 2–3% of density deficit, possibly associated with high-concentration light elements in localized transient flows in the outer core, with a flow speed in the order of 40 km/year.
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发表时间: 2018-06
期刊: Science advances
影响因子: 13.6
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