Chromatin Structure and Function
Chromatin Structure and Function
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染色质结构和功能
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4684-0973-4
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
C. Nicolini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Nicolini
A部分-第一部分：什么是染色质？-分离的染色质的性质和组成。-基因组的表达和非表达部分：它们的分离和特征。-讨论。-第二部分：用于研究核小体、染色质、染色体和核的物理、化学和生物学技术。-电子显微镜：一种使染色质可视化的工具。-天然染色质的转录控制。-DNA的圆二色谱，蛋白质和染色质。-染色质结构领域的重要流体力学和光谱技术。-核心颗粒和核小体的制备和分析：一种利用鱼精蛋白研究核小体蛋白质组成的简便方法。-释放到Triton-酸-尿素凝胶中。-组蛋白与DNA的相互作用：平衡结合研究。-流动双折射溶液中的核小体形状和结构。-染色质研究中的中子和X射线的散射和衍射。-核酸和蛋白质的核磁共振研究。-细胞核及其亚结构的细胞化学研究技术。-染色质原位研究：I。-染色质原位研究：II.静态和流动显微荧光法。-染色质原位研究：III.Feulgen水解法的差异效应。-染色体的扫描和流动光度法。-讨论。-第三部分：染色质的各级组织和转录调控机制。-组蛋白组装及其对核小体核心的结构作用。-核酸酶消化和染色质的结构。-核小体的重建。-多核小体在低离子强度溶液中的构象。-染色质结构：DNA序列的核小体的关系。-组蛋白复合体，核小体、染色质和组蛋白依赖于细胞周期的修饰。-染色质超结构的证据。-染色质分裂和染色质转录活性区域的性质。-染色质重组和非组蛋白蛋白。-讨论。-第四部分：遗传机构和细胞周期的结构-功能、衰老、肿瘤转化、分化、化学癌变。-低等真核生物中染色质的结构和功能。-染色质结构从Angstrom到微孔水平，及其与哺乳动物细胞增殖的关系。-染色质模式：依赖于细胞周期、植入前和发育、原位染色质模式-肿瘤转化：了解肿瘤发生和肿瘤生长的体外研究的相关性。-白血病中的细胞分化和恶性。-转化、分化和衰老中的细胞形态计量学。-化学致癌的基本机制。-致癌物诱导基因堆积的改变及其在癌症发生中的可能意义。-致癌物与DNA的共价结合作为染色质结构的探针。-癌症发生，DNA修复和染色质。-细胞表面电化学信息的电磁感应：染色质结构修改的应用。-讨论。-第五节：遗传装置的回顾和总结。-第一节：遗传装置的基本组成部分。-第二节：第二级组织-染色质。第三节：第三级组织。-第四节：广义生物效应。
of Part A.- Section I: What is the Chromatin?.- Properties and Composition of Isolated Chromatin.- Expressed and Nonexpressed Portions of the Genome: Their Separation and Their Characterization.- Discussion.- Section II: Physical, Chemical and Biological Techniques for Studying Nucleosome, Chromatin, Chromosome and Nuclei.- Electron Microscopy: A Tool for Visualizing Chromatin.- Transcriptional Control of Native Chromatin.- Circular Dichroism of DNA, Protein and Chromatin.- Important Hydrodynamic and Spectroscopic Techniques in the Field of Chromatin Structure.- Preparation and Analysis of Core Particles and Nucleosomes: A Conveinient Method For Studying the Protein Composition of Nucleosomes Using Protamine-Release into Triton-Acid-Urea Gels.- The Interaction of Histones with DNA: Equilibrium Binding Studies.- Nucleosome Shape and Structure in Solution from Flow Birefringence.- Scattering and Diffraction by Neutrons and X-rays in the Study of Chromatin.- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Nucleic Acids and Proteins.- Techniques for Cytochemical Studies of the Nucleus and its Substructures.- Chromatin Study in Situ: I. Image Analysis.- Chromatin Study in Situ: II. Static and Flow Microfluorimetry.- Chromatin Study in Situ: III. Differential Effects of Feulgen Hydrolysis.- Scanning and Flow Photometry of Chromosomes.- Discussion.- Section III: Various Levels of Chromatin Organization and Mechanisms for Transcriptional Control.- Histones Assembly and Their Structural Role for Nucleosome Core.- Nuclease Digestion and the Structure of Chromatin.- Reconstitution of Nucleosomes.- Conformation of Polynucleosomes in Low Ionic Strength Solution.- Chromatin Structure: Relation of Nucleosomes of DNA Sequences.- Histone Complexes, Nucleosomes, Chromatin and Cell-Cycle Dependent Modification of Histones.- Evidence for Superstructures of Wet Chromatin.- Chromatin Fractionation and the Properties of Transcriptionally Active Regions of Chromatin.- Chromatin Reconstitution and Non-Histone Proteins.- Discussion.- Section IV: Structure-Function of the Genetic Apparatus and Cell Cycle, Aging, Neoplastic Transformation, Differentiation, Chemical Carcinogenesis.- The Structure and Function of Chromatin in Lower Eukaryotes.- Chromatin Structure from Angstrom to Micorn Levels, and Its Relationship to Mammalian Cell Proliferation.- Chromatin Pattern in Situ: Dependence upon Cell Cycle, Preimplantation and Development, and Cellular Aging in Vitro.- Neoplastic Transformation: The Relevance of in Vitro Studies for the Understanding of Tumor Pathenogenesis and Neoplastic Growth.- Cell Differentiation and Malignancy in Leukemia.- Cellular Morphometry in Transformation, Differentiation and Aging.- Basic Mechanisms in Chemical Carcinogenesis.- Carcinogen Induced Alteration in Gene Packing and Its Possible Significance in Carcinogenesis.- Covalent Binding of a Carcinogen to DNA as a Probe of Chromatin Structure.- Carcinogenesis, DNA Repair and Chromatin.- Electromagnetic Induction of Electrochemical Information at Cell Surfaces: Application to Chromatin Structure Modification.- Discussion.- Section V: Review and Summary of the Genetic Apparatus.- Session I: Basic Components of the Genetic Apparatus.- Session II: The Second Level of Organization - Chromatin.- Session III: The Third Level of Organization.- Session IV: Generalized Biological Effects.