Early Warning and Response for Preventing Radicalization and Violent Extremism
Early Warning and Response for Preventing Radicalization and Violent Extremism
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预防激进化和暴力极端主义的预警和应对
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
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通讯作者：
D. Subedi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Subedi
解决激进化和招募青年参与暴力极端主义（VE）已成为所谓的打击暴力极端主义（CVE）政策和方案的主要目标。然而，大部分的CVE方案都采取了治疗方法，主要侧重于解决极端主义暴力爆发后激进化和极端主义的后果。预防性办法可能具有成本效益，并可起到“尽量减少威胁”的作用，但学术界和从业人员对这种办法的关注较少。通过将激进化和招募青年加入暴力极端主义的过程理解为一个演变过程，可以制定和实施预防机制，如基于社区的预警和早期反应系统，让首当其冲受到激进化和极端主义影响的当地人参与进来。由于武装冲突和VE共享暴力的共同推动力，如不平等，社会经济排斥，失业，贫困和缺乏安全，武装冲突和VE越来越重叠，有时相互关联。虽然冲突与极端主义之间的联系是实地从业人员面临的一个重大挑战，但预防暴力极端主义可以受益于预防冲突和建设和平领域相对于社区预警和早期反应系统的丰富经验和教训。而不是公开的规定，但是，通过提供工具和模板的EWER，我的目标是刺激开创性的讨论，重点是EWER系统的优势和挑战时，从冲突预防领域的方法和想法的CVE域。
Addressing radicalization and recruitment of youth in violent extremism (VE) has become a principal aim of the policy and programs of what is known as countering violent extremism (CVE). Yet, much of the CVE programs have taken a curative approach with a main focus on addressing consequences of radicalization and extremism once extremist violence is erupted. A preventive approach, which could be cost effective and function as a “threat minimizer,” has received less attention by academics and practitioners alike. By understanding the process of radicalization and recruitment of youth into violent extremism as an evolutionary process, preventivemechanisms could be developed and implemented such as community-based early warning and early response systems by engaging local people who bear the brunt of radicalization and extremism in the first place. Because armed conflict and VE share common impetuses of violence such as inequality, socioeconomic exclusion, unemployment, poverty, and lack of security, armed conflicts and VE are increasingly overlapped and at times interconnected. While the nexus between conflict and extremism is a major challenge for practitioners on the ground, preventing violent extremism can, nonetheless, benefit from rich experiences and lessons learned in the field of conflict prevention and peacebuilding vis-à-vis community-based early warning and early response (EWER) systems. Rather than being overtly prescriptive, however, by offering tools and templates of EWER, I aim to stimulate seminal discussion by focusing on both advantages and challenges of the EWER system when transferring its approaches and ideas from the field of conflict prevention to the CVE domain.