Occurrence of cardiac output decrease (via stroke volume) is more pronounced in women than in men during prolonged dry static apnea.
Occurrence of cardiac output decrease (via stroke volume) is more pronounced in women than in men during prolonged dry static apnea.
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在长时间的干静态呼吸暂停期间，女性的心输出量减少（通过每搏输出量）比男性更明显。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
F. Tocco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Magnani;G. Mulliri;Gianmarco Sainas;G. Ghiani;Virginia Pinna;I. Sanna;A. Crisafulli;F. Tocco
关于潜水反应的自主心血管调节的性别差异知之甚少，并且很少有关于这些差异的研究是在有限或没有潜水经验的受试者中进行的。我们研究了性别对8名男性和8名女性优秀潜水员在干静态呼吸暂停（SA）期间血流动力学的影响，这些潜水员与他们的屏气（BH）能力相匹配。通过同步超声心动图和阻抗心动图测量评估血流动力学，同时收集动脉压和血氧饱和度（[公式：见正文]）。在第一个四分之一（AP 25%）和一半（AP 50%）的呼吸暂停时间内，女性心输出量（CO）的下降比男性更快和更强烈（AP 25%和AP 50%期间分别为-43% vs. -17%和-40% vs. -19%，P < 0.05）。在相同的时间点，女性的体循环血管阻力（SVR）比男性增加更多（在AP 25%和AP 50%时分别为+22% vs. +100%和+48% vs. +107%，P < 0.05）。【配方：两组患者的呼吸暂停指数均逐渐下降，但在呼吸暂停结束时，男性比女性下降更明显（分别为-13% vs.-5%，P < 0.05）。在男性中，体表面积值越高，呼吸暂停时间越长，而在女性中，SVR反应越高，呼吸暂停时间越长。优秀女潜水员在干SA期间CO降低的幅度大于男潜水员。储存氧气和减少O2消耗的能力在BH性能中起着关键作用，但其程度似乎在性别上有所不同。新&值得注意的是，这是第一项研究中，性别对血液动力学的影响，在干静态呼吸暂停已被调查的两组优秀潜水员匹配，他们的屏气能力。我们还显示了潜水员在真实的比赛中获得的表现与他们的人体测量，呼吸和心血管特征之间的相关性。
Little is known about sex differences in autonomic cardiovascular regulation of the diving response, and the few available studies of these differences were conducted on subjects with limited or no diving experience. We examined the influence of sex on hemodynamics during dry static apnea (SA) in eight male and eight female elite divers matched for their breath hold (BH) ability. Hemodynamics was assessed by means of simultaneous echocardiography and impedance cardiography measurements, and arterial pressure and oxygen saturation ([Formula: see text]) were also collected. In the first quarter (AP25%) and half (AP50%) of apnea duration cardiac output (CO) showed a more rapid and intense decrease in women than in men (-43% vs. -17% during AP25% and -40% vs. -19% during AP50%, respectively, P < 0.05). At the same time points, systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased more in women than in men (+22% vs. +100% at AP25% and +48% vs. +107% at AP50%, respectively, P < 0.05). [Formula: see text] progressively declined in both groups, but men showed a more pronounced decrease than women at the end of apneas (-13% vs. -5%, respectively, P < 0.05). In men the higher the body surface area values the longer the apnea, while in women the higher the SVR response the longer the apnea. In elite female divers, the magnitude of CO decrease during dry SA was larger than in male divers. The capacities to store oxygen and to reduce O2 consumption play a pivotal role in BH performance, but their extent seems to be different in the sexes. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study in which the influence of sex on hemodynamics during dry static apnea has been investigated in two groups of elite divers matched for their breath hold ability. We also show the correlation between the performances obtained by divers during a real competition and their anthropometric, respiratory, and cardiovascular characteristics.