mtFociCounter for automated single-cell mitochondrial nucleoid quantification and reproducible foci analysis.

mtFociCounter for automated single-cell mitochondrial nucleoid quantification and reproducible foci analysis.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkad864
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发表时间:
2023-11-27
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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线粒体DNA (mtDNA)编码OXPHOS的核心亚基,在几乎所有真核生物中都是必不可少的。线粒体内不同的病灶(类核)中,线粒体dna拷贝的数量因细胞类型而异,并在几种人类疾病中受到影响。目前,常用的方案估计每个细胞的mtdna分子数通过测序或qPCR从大量样品。然而,这并不允许深入了解细胞间的异质性,并且可以掩盖表型亚群。在这里,我们提出了mtFociCounter,一个单细胞图像分析工具,用于可重复定量的类核和其他焦点。mtFociCounter是一个轻量级的、开源的免费软件,它克服了目前对线粒体焦点可重复的单细胞分析的限制。我们通过分析2165个单个成纤维细胞证明了它的用途,并观察到细胞间在类核数量上的巨大异质性。此外,mtFociCounter对线粒体含量进行了量化,我们的结果显示,类核数与线粒体面积之间存在良好的相关性(R = 0.90),并且我们发现,在野生型细胞中,类核密度的变化比类核数的变化要小。最后,我们证明mtFociCounter很容易检测样品处理后焦点数的差异,并适用于线粒体RNA颗粒和超分辨率显微镜。mtFociCounter提供了一种多功能解决方案,可在单个细胞中重复量化细胞病灶,我们的结果强调了在线粒体病灶分析中考虑细胞间差异和线粒体背景的重要性。
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes the core subunits for OXPHOS, essential in near-all eukaryotes. Packed into distinct foci (nucleoids) inside mitochondria, the number of mtDNA copies differs between cell-types and is affected in several human diseases. Currently, common protocols estimate per-cell mtDNA-molecule numbers by sequencing or qPCR from bulk samples. However, this does not allow insight into cell-to-cell heterogeneity and can mask phenotypical sub-populations. Here, we present mtFociCounter, a single-cell image analysis tool for reproducible quantification of nucleoids and other foci. mtFociCounter is a light-weight, open-source freeware and overcomes current limitations to reproducible single-cell analysis of mitochondrial foci. We demonstrate its use by analysing 2165 single fibroblasts, and observe a large cell-to-cell heterogeneity in nucleoid numbers. In addition, mtFociCounter quantifies mitochondrial content and our results show good correlation (R = 0.90) between nucleoid number and mitochondrial area, and we find nucleoid density is less variable than nucleoid numbers in wild-type cells. Finally, we demonstrate mtFociCounter readily detects differences in foci-numbers upon sample treatment, and applies to Mitochondrial RNA Granules and superresolution microscopy. mtFociCounter provides a versatile solution to reproducibly quantify cellular foci in single cells and our results highlight the importance of accounting for cell-to-cell variance and mitochondrial context in mitochondrial foci analysis.
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