Microwave effects on the nervous system
Microwave effects on the nervous system
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DOI：
10.1002/bem.10179
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Adair, ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Andrea, JA;Chou, CK;Adair, ER
研究评估了人类和实验动物在射频(RF)暴露期间和之后的脑电(EEG)。射频暴露对血脑屏障(BBB)的影响已被普遍接受，用于热固化暴露。报告血脑屏障改变的低水平暴露仍然存在争议。暴露在高水平的射频能量下会损害神经系统的结构和功能。许多研究都集中在大脑的神经化学和已报道的射频暴露的影响上。对分离的脑组织进行的研究提供了似乎不依赖于热机制的新结果。对据报道对电场和磁场敏感的个人的研究也进行了讨论。在对文献的回顾中，很难得出关于对人类健康的危害的结论。许多曝光参数，如频率、取向、调制、功率密度和曝光持续时间，使得直接比较许多实验变得困难。在高曝光功率密度下，热效应很普遍，可能会导致不良后果。在较低的暴露水平下，仍可能发生生物效应，但不排除热机制。结论是，方法和实验设计的多样性，以及许多看似重要的研究缺乏重复性，阻碍了关于射频暴露对神经系统健康危害的明确结论的形成。可能得出的唯一确凿结论是，高功率射频暴露可能带来危险的热后果。
Studies have evaluated the electroencephalography (EEG) of humans and laboratory animals during and after Radiofrequency (RF) exposures. Effects of RF exposure on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) have been generally accepted for exposures that are thermalizing. Low level exposures that report alterations of the BBB remain controversial. Exposure to high levels of RF energy can damage the structure and function of the nervous system. Much research has focused on the neurochemistry of the brain and the reported effects of RF exposure. Research with isolated brain tissue has provided new results that do not seem to rely on thermal mechanisms. Studies of individuals who are reported to be sensitive to electric and magnetic fields are discussed. In this review of the literature, it is difficult to draw conclusions concerning hazards to human health. The many exposure parameters such as frequency, orientation, modulation, power density, and duration of exposure make direct comparison of many experiments difficult. At high exposure power densities, thermal effects are prevalent and can lead to adverse consequences. At lower levels of exposure biological effects may still occur but thermal mechanisms are not ruled out. It is concluded that the diverse methods and experimental designs as well as lack of replication of many seemingly important studies prevents formation of definite conclusions concerning hazardous nervous system health effects from RF exposure. The only firm conclusion that may be drawn is the potential for hazardous thermal consequences of high power RF exposure.