Phytotoxicity and fertilising potential of olive mill wastewaters for maize cultivation
Phytotoxicity and fertilising potential of olive mill wastewaters for maize cultivation
复制标题
用于玉米种植的橄榄厂废水的植物毒性和施肥潜力
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
I. Hadrami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hanifi;I. Hadrami
利用有机废弃物作为农业改良剂是使退化土壤再生的有效策略，也是一种经济的替代方法，可提供当地的肥料来源。橄榄油厂废水因其施肥价值而广为人知。然而，由于其潜在的生态风险，它们仍然不能被推荐为安全的做法。在这里，橄榄厂废水对玉米的影响进行了调查。橄榄磨坊废水样品收集在半现代和传统的米尔斯的马拉喀什地区，摩洛哥。分析样品的pH值，电导率和总酚含量。主要的酚类化合物进行了鉴定和定量。在实验室中使用玉米幼苗和在田间条件下测定植物毒性。田间施肥采用分次施肥的方式，通过叶面喷施或不叶面喷施的方式进行。我们的研究结果表明，废水的理化特性，特别是酚类配置文件的高变异性。不同的毒性水平也归因于每个样本根据其盐度和酚负荷。在田间条件下，与对照相比，橄榄工厂废水预处理的土壤中观察到9%的出苗率降低。然而，与对照相比，橄榄磨坊废水施肥地块显示出10-11%的株高净改善。叶面喷施和地施相结合，增产幅度达28%。这些结果表明，橄榄磨坊废水组成的巨大变化构成了农业系统中再利用的主要限制因素。橄榄油厂废水可用作安全的农艺改良剂，前提是应用是适度和渐进的，并避免关键的发展阶段，特别是初步发展阶段。使用橄榄磨坊废水进行叶面施肥也被证明是管理这些废水的一种有前途的方法。
The use of organic wastes as agricultural amendment is an effective strategy to regenerate degraded soils and represents an economical alternative that provides a local source of fertiliser. Olive mill wastewaters are widely known for their fertilising value. However, they can still not be recommended as a safe practice because of their potential ecological risks. Here, the effect of olive mill wastewaters on maize is investigated. Olive mill wastewater samples were collected in semi-modern and traditional mills of the Marrakech area, Morocco. Samples were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity and total phenolic content. Major phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. Phytotoxicity was assayed in the laboratory using maize seedlings, and under field conditions. Field fertilisation was conducted through land application accompanied or not by foliar spray according to a fractionated application mode. Our results show a high variability in physicochemical characteristics of wastewaters, notably for phenolic profiles. Variable toxicity levels were also attributed to each sample according to its salinity and phenolic load. Under field conditions, a 9% reduction of seedling emergence was observed in olive mill wastewater-pre-treated soil as compared with the control. However, olive mill wastewater-fertilised plots showed a net improvement in plant height of 10–11% compared with the control. A yield improvement reached 28% over that of the control when the plants were amended both by land application and foliar spray. These results show that the large variability in olive mill wastewaters composition constitutes a major limiting factor for their re-use in agricultural systems. Olive mill wastewaters can be used as a safe agronomic amendment provided the application is moderate and progressive and critical development stages are avoided, notably the preliminary development stages. Foliar fertilisation using olive mill wastewaters is also revealed to be a promising way to manage these effluents.