Who are the new amphetamine users? A 10-year prospective study of young Australians
Who are the new amphetamine users? A 10-year prospective study of young Australians
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01906.x
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Patton, George C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Degenhardt, Louisa;Coffey, Carolyn;Patton, George C.
目标：尽管有充分证据表明全世界苯丙胺的可得性和使用量有所增加，但对青年苯丙胺使用的流行病学、与这个年龄段的社会功能、其他药物使用和心理健康的关系以及青少年使用苯丙胺的预测因素知之甚少。我们在澳大利亚维多利亚州对一群有代表性的年轻人进行了跟踪调查，对这些问题进行了研究。方法采用分层随机抽样方法，从维多利亚州的中学招募了1943名14-15岁的青少年。这个队列被采访了8次，直到24-25岁(78%的人在这个年龄段进行了随访)。横断面和预测性关联通过Logistic回归进行评估。结果在24岁时，12%的样本在过去一年中使用过苯丙胺，1-2%的样本至少每周使用一次。青春期吸食安非他明可以很好地预测青少年吸食安非他明的情况，并与青春期的其他吸毒者和依赖者密切相关。更频繁的用户的关联性更强。在20岁时没有使用安非他明的年轻人中，24岁时使用安非他明的最强预测因素是20岁时使用其他药物，特别是大麻。心理困扰并不能独立地预测在该队列中使用苯丙胺的可能性增加。结论在澳大利亚，24岁使用安非他明的年轻人很可能是主要的多药吸毒者。青少年开始使用安非他明和继续使用安非他明的风险都与大量使用其他药物有关。对这个年龄段大量吸食安非他命的人进行干预可能需要注意多种毒品问题。
Aims Despite good evidence of increased availability and use of amphetamines world-wide, relatively little is known about the epidemiology of young adult amphetamine use; relationships with social functioning, other drug use and mental health at this age; nor of the adolescent predictors of such use. We examined these issues using a representative cohort of young people followed-up in Victoria, Australia. Methods A stratified, random sample of 1943 adolescents was recruited from secondary schools across Victoria at age 14-15 years. This cohort was interviewed on eight occasions until the age of 24-25 years (78% follow-up at that age). Cross-sectional and predictive associations were assessed using logistic regression. Results At age 24 years, 12% of the sample had used amphetamines in the past year, with 1-2% using at least weekly. Young adult amphetamine use was predicted strongly by adolescent drug use and was associated robustly with other drug use and dependence in young adulthood. Associations were stronger for more frequent users. Among young adults who had not been using amphetamines at age 20 years, the strongest predictor of use at age 24 years was the use of other drugs, particularly cannabis, at 20 years. Psychological distress did not predict independently an increased likelihood of amphetamine use in this cohort. Conclusion Young people in Australia using amphetamine at age 24 years are highly likely to be significant polydrug users. The risks for both initiation of young adult amphetamine use, and maintenance of such use, pertain to the heavy use of other drugs. Interventions for heavy amphetamine users at this age are likely to require attention to multiple drug problems.