Empire of Friends. Soviet Power and Socialist Internationalism in Cold War Czechoslovakia Rachel Applebaum, Ithaca, NY & London: Cornell University Press, 2019, x + 275pp., $49.95 h/b.
Empire of Friends. Soviet Power and Socialist Internationalism in Cold War Czechoslovakia Rachel Applebaum, Ithaca, NY & London: Cornell University Press, 2019, x + 275pp., $49.95 h/b.
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朋友帝国。
DOI：
10.1080/09668136.2020.1847881
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Radi S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Radi S
阿普列邦的第一本专著描述了冷战时期捷克斯洛伐克和苏联之间的关系。通过“跨国友谊”的透镜，阿普尔鲍姆着手探索苏联影响力的兴衰及其在日常实践中的表现，以及其对苏联主导的社会主义联邦的更广泛影响。阿普尔鲍姆在《导言》中解释说，苏联在第二次世界大战后构建其代理国家网络之初就必须回答一个关键问题：如何使马克思列宁主义意识形态与其欧洲代理国家“在日常生活领域稳定新的跨国社会主义制度”的务实挑战相协调（第3页）。现实主义者对国际关系的解释侧重于通过直接军事力量维持苏联的霸权，如在东德国（1953年）、匈牙利（1956年）和捷克斯洛伐克（1968年），阿普尔鲍姆认为，苏联的“友谊计划”实际上是一个多方面的过程，包括从共同制作电影到工厂之间的合作，科学交流“（第4页）。她断言，社会主义国际主义是通过东欧集团双方公民积极参与日常生活而在社会上建立和维持的。她以1945年捷克斯洛伐克的解放开始分析，并以20世纪80年代末苏联文化外交的解体结束分析。这种做法在一个
RACHEL APPLEBAUM’S FIRST MONOGRAPH EXAMINES RELATIONS between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period. Through the lens of ‘transnational friendship’, Applebaum sets out to explore the rise and fall of Soviet influence and its manifestation in everyday practice as well as its broader implications to the Soviet-dominated socialist commonwealth. Applebaum explains in the Introduction that the Soviet Union had to answer a crucial question right at the onset of constructing its proxy-state network after World War II: how to reconcile Marxist–Leninist ideology with the pragmatic challenge of ‘stabilizing the new transnational socialist system in the realm of everyday life’in its European proxy states (p. 3). Against realist interpretations of international relations that focus on the maintenance of Soviet hegemony through direct military force, as in East Germany (1953), Hungary (1956) and Czechoslovakia (1968), Applebaum argues that the Soviet Union’s ‘friendship project’was actually a multifaceted process ‘encompassing everything from the coproduction of films, to collaboration between factories, to scientific exchanges’(p. 4). She asserts that socialist internationalism was constructed and maintained socially through the active involvement of citizens in everyday life on both sides of the Eastern Bloc. She begins her analysis with the liberation of Czechoslovakia in 1945 and concludes it with the dissolution of Soviet cultural diplomacy in the late-1980s. This approach is especially welcome at a