Understanding and combatting misinformation across 16 countries on six continents
Understanding and combatting misinformation across 16 countries on six continents
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DOI：
10.1038/s41562-023-01641-6
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发表时间：
2023-06-29
影响因子：
29.9
通讯作者：
Rand, David G. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arechar, Antonio A. A.;Allen, Jennifer;Rand, David G. G.
网上错误信息的传播是一个全球性问题，需要全球性的解决方案。为此，我们在6大洲的16个国家进行了一项实验（N = 34，286; 676，605次观察），以调查对COVID-19错误信息易感性的预测因素，以及对抗这种错误信息传播的干预措施。在每一个国家，具有更多分析性认知风格和更强的准确性相关动机的参与者更善于从谎言中辨别真理;重视民主也与更大的真理识别相关，而在大多数国家，对政府支持的个人责任的认可与真理识别呈负相关。巧妙地促使人们思考准确性，对人们愿意在不同国家分享的新闻的真实性产生了普遍的积极影响，最低限度的数字扫盲技巧也是如此。最后，汇总我们的非专家参与者的评级，能够通过“群众的智慧”在所有国家以高精度区分真实和虚假的标题。我们观察到的一致模式表明，错误信息挑战背后的心理因素在不同的地区环境中是相似的，类似的解决方案可能广泛有效。在16个国家中，这项研究发现了COVID-19错误信息易感性的一致认知和社会预测因素，并展示了准确性提示和识字技巧如何减少错误信息的分享，以及群体的智慧如何识别跨文化的虚假声明。
The spread of misinformation online is a global problem that requires global solutions. To that end, we conducted an experiment in 16 countries across 6 continents (N = 34,286; 676,605 observations) to investigate predictors of susceptibility to misinformation about COVID-19, and interventions to combat the spread of this misinformation. In every country, participants with a more analytic cognitive style and stronger accuracy-related motivations were better at discerning truth from falsehood; valuing democracy was also associated with greater truth discernment, whereas endorsement of individual responsibility over government support was negatively associated with truth discernment in most countries. Subtly prompting people to think about accuracy had a generally positive effect on the veracity of news that people were willing to share across countries, as did minimal digital literacy tips. Finally, aggregating the ratings of our non-expert participants was able to differentiate true from false headlines with high accuracy in all countries via the 'wisdom of crowds'. The consistent patterns we observe suggest that the psychological factors underlying the misinformation challenge are similar across different regional settings, and that similar solutions may be broadly effective.Across 16 countries, this research finds consistent cognitive and social predictors of COVID-19 misinformation susceptibility, and shows how accuracy prompts and literacy tips reduce misinformation sharing and how wisdom of crowds can identify false claims cross-culturally.