Functional status of centenarians in Tokyo, Japan: Developing better phenotypes of exceptional longevity
Functional status of centenarians in Tokyo, Japan: Developing better phenotypes of exceptional longevity
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/61.3.305
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Kitagawa, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gondo, Y;Hirose, N;Kitagawa, K
背景资料。百岁老人有时被认为是终生健康老龄化的代表。事实上，它们是否是健康老龄化的典范仍是一个有争议的话题。在以前对百岁老人的研究中，功能状态的异质性的存在已被反复报道。然而，目前还没有一个标准的分类系统来描述它们的功能表型。作为动态队列研究的一部分，我们研究了居住在东京的304名百岁老人(65名男性和239名女性)。我们用来代表他们表型的功能状态(感觉、身体和认知)被评估，并随后通过标准评估方法(简单问卷、Barthel指数、简易精神状态检查和临床痴呆评分)进行分类。结果。我们根据参与者的功能状态将他们分为4类。只有5人(2%)被归类为“特殊”，所有功能都被评级为优秀，56人(18%)为“正常”，表现出良好的认知和身体功能的维持。167人(55%)表现为“虚弱”，表现为认知或身体功能受损，其余76人(25%)表现为“脆弱”，表现为身体和认知功能均恶化。生化市场、死亡率、生活方式和功能表型之间的关系由这种分类方法显示，表明该系统可以可靠地解决高龄老年人的功能状况。因此，这一框架将是一个有用的工具，可以用来探讨哪些因素有助于特别长寿，以及哪些因素有助于维持极老年人口的功能状态。
Background. Centenarians are sometimes said to be representative of lifelong healthy aging. Whether they are, in fact, examples of healthy aging remains a subject of debate. The existence of heterogeneity in functional status has been reported repeatedly in previous studies of centenarians. However, there is as yet no standardized classification system with which to describe their functional phenotype.Methods. As part of a dynamic cohort study, we studied 304 centenarians (65 men and 239 women) living in Tokyo. Their functional status (sensory, physical, and cognitive), which we used to represent their phenotype, was assessed and subsequently classified by standard assessment methods (simple questionnaire, Barthel index, Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Clinical Dementia Rating. respectively).Results. We classified participants into 4 categories according to their functional status. Only 5 (2%) were classified as "Exceptional," with all of their functions graded as excellent, and 56 (18%) were "Normal," exhibiting maintenance of fine cognitive and physical functions. One hundred sixty-seven (55%) were "Frail," exhibiting impairment of either cognitive or physical functions, and the remaining 76 (25%) were "Fragile," exhibiting deterioration of both physical and cognitive functions.Conclusions. The relationships between biochemical market, mortality rates, lifestyle, and functional phenotypes demonstrated by this classification method indicate that the system is reliable to address the functional status of extremely old persons. Thus, this framework would be a useful tool for exploring the factors that contribute to exceptional longevity as well as those that help to maintain the functional status of the extremely old population.