The competitive ability and fitness components of the Methoprene-tolerant (Met) Drosophila mutant resistant to juvenile hormone analog insecticides.
The competitive ability and fitness components of the Methoprene-tolerant (Met) Drosophila mutant resistant to juvenile hormone analog insecticides.
复制标题
耐保幼激素类似物杀虫剂的耐甲氧普林（Met）果蝇突变体的竞争能力和适应性成分。
DOI：
10.1093/genetics/131.1.91
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wilson,TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Minkoff3rd,C;Wilson,TG
果蝇的耐甲基丁二烯(Met)突变导致对杀虫剂甲基丁二烯(一种保幼激素的化学类似物)产生高水平(100倍)的抗药性。因此，受甲氧丁二烯控制的害虫物种可能有可能通过与Met同源的突变而进化出抗药性。为了评估这种突变体在野生种群中持续存在的潜力，我们必须了解携带甲硫氨酸的果蝇的适合性。在没有甲基戊二烯的情况下，在多代种群笼子和单代竞争实验中，Met苍蝇都被一种野生型菌株击败。为了确定哪个适合度成分(S)对竞争劣势负责，我们将5个Met纯合子果蝇的存活率、发育时间和繁殖力与野生型进行了比较。混合Met等位基因与野生型在蛹发育时间、死亡率和早期成虫繁殖力方面存在着微小但显著的差异。这些差异导致了很大的竞争劣势。尽管通过这些措施发现Met Fly的健康状况有所下降，但从Met Fly中发现的保幼激素调节中断的知识来看，表型并不像预期的那么严重。结论是：(1)虽然在甲基丁二烯的选择下，Met Fly有很大的优势，但一旦放松使用，它们很快就会在竞争中处于劣势；(2)即使是看似严重的保幼激素调节中断，也不会对昆虫的重要功能产生重大影响；(3)健康成分的微小差异可能会转化为巨大的竞争劣势。
The Methoprene-tolerant (Met) mutation of Drosophila melanogaster results in a high (100-fold) level of resistance to the insecticide methoprene, a chemical analog of juvenile hormone. Pest species that are under control with methoprene may therefore have the potential to evolve resistance via a mutation homologous to Met. To evaluate the potential of such mutants to persist in wild populations, we must understand the fitness of flies carrying Met. In the absence of methoprene, Met flies were outcompeted by a wild-type strain both in a multigeneration population cage and in single-generation competition experiments. To determine which fitness component(s) is responsible for the competitive disadvantage, the survival, time of development, and fecundity of flies homozygous for each of five Met alleles were compared with wild type. Small but significant differences were found between the pooled Met alleles and wild type for pupal development time, pupal mortality, and early adult fecundity. These differences result in a large competitive disadvantage. Although Met flies were found to have reduced fitness by these measures, the phenotype is not as severe as might be expected from a knowledge of the disruption of juvenile hormone regulation seen in Met flies. It is concluded that (1) although Met flies have a large advantage under methoprene selection, they will quickly become outcompeted upon relaxation of methoprene usage, (2) even a seemingly severe disruption of juvenile hormone regulation has no drastic effect on the vital functions of the insect and (3) small differences in fitness components can translate into a large competitive disadvantage.