The North Atlantic Ocean Is in a State of Reduced Overturning
The North Atlantic Ocean Is in a State of Reduced Overturning
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DOI：
10.1002/2017gl076350
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
D. Smeed;S. Josey;C. Beaulieu;W. Johns;B. Moat;E. Frajka‐Williams;D. Rayner;C. Meinen;M. Baringer-M
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Smeed;S. Josey;C. Beaulieu;W. Johns;B. Moat;E. Frajka‐Williams;D. Rayner;C. Meinen;M. Baringer-M
大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）是一个多变的和气候上重要的热量向北输送的原因。使用横跨大西洋26°N的一系列仪器的数据，我们表明，与2004-2008年相比，自2008年以来，AMOC一直处于翻转减少的状态。AMOC状态的这种变化与北大西洋的其他变化同时发生，例如墨西哥湾流的北移和扩大以及热含量和海面温度模式的改变。这些变化类似于耦合气候模式预测的AMOC下降的反应。靠近西边界的海气通量的同时变化表明，海洋热输送和海面温度的变化改变了北大西洋海洋-大气热交换的模式。这些结果提供了强有力的观测证据，表明AMOC是北大西洋气候十年尺度变化的主要因素。
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is responsible for a variable and climatically important northward transport of heat. Using data from an array of instruments that span the Atlantic at 26°N, we show that the AMOC has been in a state of reduced overturning since 2008 as compared to 2004–2008. This change of AMOC state is concurrent with other changes in the North Atlantic such as a northward shift and broadening of the Gulf Stream and altered patterns of heat content and sea surface temperature. These changes resemble the response to a declining AMOC predicted by coupled climate models. Concurrent changes in air‐sea fluxes close to the western boundary reveal that the changes in ocean heat transport and sea surface temperature have altered the pattern of ocean‐atmosphere heat exchange over the North Atlantic. These results provide strong observational evidence that the AMOC is a major factor in decadal‐scale variability of North Atlantic climate.