Route-of-entry and brain tissue partition coefficients for common superfund contaminants.
Route-of-entry and brain tissue partition coefficients for common superfund contaminants.
复制标题
常见超级基金污染物的进入途径和脑组织分配系数。
DOI：
10.1080/00984100290071838
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Higgins,Greg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thrall,KarlaD;Gies,RichardA;Muniz,Juan;Woodstock,AngelaD;Higgins,Greg
在美国环境保护局指定的超级基金地点，可能会在受污染的供水中遇到各种有机溶剂。人类可能通过口服、皮肤或吸入途径接触这些环境污染物。通过使用基于生理学的药代动力学（PBPK）模型来描述化合物在任何暴露途径后的吸收、组织分布、代谢和消除，可以改善与暴露于这些溶剂相关的人体健康风险估计。然而，这些PBPK模型的开发需要关于每种化合物在血液和各种组织中的相对溶解度或分配系数的信息。许多研究者已经提供了关于各种物种中不同组织的分配系数信息;然而，关于进入器官的途径的数据（即，皮肤、肺、胃）和脑组织都不完整。因此，本工作的目的是使用体外气相小瓶平衡技术重复几种常见环境污染物的分配系数研究，并纳入组织以评价脑、肺、胃和皮肤。这里确定的分配系数值与文献中报道的值的比较，在可用的情况下，几乎在所有情况下都显示出良好的一致性。进行了另外一项研究，以比较作为单一化学品引入的甲苯、苯和邻二甲苯的肝脏-空气分配系数值与作为所有三种化合物的混合物引入的化学品测定的分配系数值。所得值的相似性表明，劳动力和实验室资源可能会减少分配系数确定为化学混合物时。
Various organic solvents may be encountered in contaminated water supplies at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-designated Superfund sites. Human exposure to these environmental contaminants may occur by oral, dermal, or inhalation routes. The estimation of human health risk associated with exposure to these solvents can be improved through the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models to describe the absorption, tissue distribution, metabolism, and elimination of the compounds following any route of exposure. However, development of these PBPK models requires information on the relative solubility, or partition coefficient, of each compound in blood and various tissues. A number of investigators have provided partition coefficient information on different tissues in various species; however, the data for route of entry organs (i.e., skin, lung, stomach) and brain tissue are not complete. Therefore, the objective of this work was to replicate partition coefficient studies for several commonly encountered environmental contaminants using an in vitro gas-phase vial equilibration technique and to include tissues to evaluate brain, lung, stomach, and skin. A comparison of the partition coefficient values determined here with values reported in the literature, where available, showed good agreement in nearly all cases. An additional study was conducted to compare the liver-to-air partition coefficient values for toluene, benzene, and o -xylene introduced as single chemicals to partition coefficient values determined with the chemicals introduced as a mixture of all three compounds. The similarities of the resulting values suggest that both labor and laboratory resources may be reduced when partition coefficients are determined as chemical mixtures.