ALCOHOL AND BODY-WEIGHT IN UNITED-STATES ADULTS
ALCOHOL AND BODY-WEIGHT IN UNITED-STATES ADULTS
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.77.10.1324
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发表时间：
1987-10-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
TROWBRIDGE, FL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WILLIAMSON, DF;FORMAN, MR;TROWBRIDGE, FL
酒精占美国成年饮酒者总热量摄入的10%以上。然而，酒精对体重的影响尚未在一般人群中得到充分研究。在两项全国性横断面调查中检查了体重和饮酒频率之间的关系：第二次全国健康和营养检查调查（HANESII; n = 10，929）和行为风险因素调查（BRFS; n = 18，388）。线性多元回归用于估计酒精对体重的独立影响，调整吸烟，年龄，饮食习惯，体力活动，种族，教育和身高。在两项调查中，酒精对男性体重的影响都很小。然而，在女性中，酒精与体重的大幅下降有关，其影响与吸烟一样大。与不饮酒者相比，每周饮酒7-13次的女性体重减轻最多：HANESII为-3.6 kg（95%置信限[CL] =-5.6，-1.5 kg），BRFS为-3.2 kg（95% CL =-4.9，-1.5 kg）。酒精混淆了吸烟和体重之间的联系，在女性中，酒精占吸烟减肥效果的近45%。酒精还削弱了吸烟对男性的减肥作用，而对女性来说，吸烟的效果略有增强。需要进一步的研究来了解酒精与体重相关的因果机制。
Alcohol contributes more than 10 per cent of the total caloric intake of adult drinkers in the United States. However, the effect of alcohol on body weight has not been adequately studied in the general population. The association between weight and frequency of alcohol consumption was examined in two national cross-sectional surveys: the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANESII; n = 10,929) and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveys (BRFS; n = 18,388). Linear multiple regression was used to estimate the independent effect of alcohol on weight, adjusting for smoking, age, diet practices, physical activity, race, education, and height. Among men, alcohol had only a slight effect on weight in either survey. However, among women, alcohol was associated with a substantial reduction in weight, which was as large as the effect of smoking. Compared with nondrinkers, women who consumed alcohol 7-13 times per week had the greatest reduction in weight: - 3.6 kg (95% confidence limits [CL] = -5.6, -1.5 kg) in HANESII and -3.2 kg (95% CL = -4.9,-1.5 kg) in BRFS. Alcohol confounded the association between smoking and weight, and among women it accounted for nearly 45 per cent of the weight-lowering effect of smoking. Alcohol also diminished the weight-lowering effect of smoking in men, while in women the smoking effect was slightly enhanced. Further studies are needed to understand the causal mechanisms by which alcohol is associated with body weight.