Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing for essential food production workers: evolving thinking, pilot testing, and lessons learned.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing for essential food production workers: evolving thinking, pilot testing, and lessons learned.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2021.06.014
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Freitas M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucan SC;Goodwin SK;Lozano M;Pak S;Freitas M
美国2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）关键基础设施的重要组成部分是该国的食品生产劳动力。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，保障食品生产工人的安全意味着增加工作场所保护措施。联邦政府很早就出台了保护指南。这些指导中没有筛选致病病毒的策略。由于没有进行病毒筛查，一些食品公司爆发了疫情；一些设施不得不关闭。对病毒筛查感兴趣的公司不得不制定自己的策略。一家公司设计了一个有三个主要目标的策略：(1)在传播机会出现之前发现无症状感染；(2)识别工作场所聚集，指出潜在的防护故障；(3)将公司结果与社区感染率进行比较。该公司决定在美国的两家生产工厂进行试点。筛查包括强制性病毒检测（通过逆转录聚合酶链反应）和选择性抗体检测（免疫球蛋白G和M）。试点筛查显示了益处和局限性：(1)发现无症状感染，但在相关时间点存在问题；(2)确定感染聚集性，但传播地点不确定；(3)感染率相对较低，但缺乏有意义的社区比较细节。建立工人筛选程序是一项艰巨的任务。公司员工不得不扩展工作角色，从日常职责中分心。其他公司是否会找到足够的利益来证明类似的筛选是合理的尚不清楚。展望未来，新的联邦领导层可以为工人筛查提供更大的支持和帮助。此外，新技术可以使未来的筛查更加可行和有价值。本次大流行的工作人员筛查经验为下一次大流行提供了借鉴。
An essential part of U.S. coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) critical infrastructure is the country's food-production workforce. Keeping food-production workers safe during the COVID-19 pandemic has meant added workplace protections. Protection guidance came early from the Federal Government. Absent from such guidance were strategies to screen for the causative virus. Without viral screening, some food companies had outbreaks; some facilities had to close. Companies interested in viral screening had to devise their own strategies. One company devised a strategy having three main goals: (1) detecting asymptomatic infections, before opportunity for spread; (2) identifying workplace clusters, to indicate potential protection breakdowns; and (3) comparing company results to community infection rates. The company decided on pilot screenings at two U.S. production plants. Screenings involved mandatory viral testing (through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and optional antibody testing (both immunoglobulins G and M). Pilot screenings showed benefits along with limitations: (1) detecting asymptomatic infections, but at questionably relevant time points; (2) identifying infection clusters, but with uncertain sites of transmission; (3) showing relatively low rates of infection, but absent details for meaningful community comparisons. Establishing a worker screening process was an enormous undertaking. Company employees had to stretch job roles and were distracted form usual responsibilities. Whether other companies would find sufficient benefits to justify similar screening is unclear. Moving forward, new Federal leadership could provide greater support for, and assistance with, worker screenings. In addition, new technologies could make future screenings more feasible and valuable. The worker screening experience from this pandemic offers learnings the next.
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