Rethinking Overdetermination, Structural Power, and Social Change: A Critique of Gibson‐Graham, Resnick, and Wolff
Rethinking Overdetermination, Structural Power, and Social Change: A Critique of Gibson‐Graham, Resnick, and Wolff
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1467-8330.2003.00345.x
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发表时间：
2003-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
J. Glassman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Glassman
在20世纪80年代地理学中凸显的理论倾向之后展开研究，许多关于抵抗的研究要么搁置要么忽视了结构权力，一些后结构主义的观点甚至直接否认在一个权力据称高度流动和分散的世界里结构权力是一个有用的概念。以J.K.吉布森 - 格雷厄姆、斯蒂芬·A.雷斯尼克和理查德·D.沃尔夫（GGRW）近期的著作为例，这类研究方法限制了抵抗研究阐明政治和社会斗争可能超越抵抗并成功将人类群体从他们所抗争的压迫条件中解放出来的条件的能力。在本文中，我在对“结构马克思主义”进行后结构主义批判之后，探讨围绕结构权力分析的相关问题，并提出一种不同于GGRW对路易·阿尔都塞“多元决定”概念解读的观点。多元决定是一个关键概念，因为它被正确地视为非经济主义马克思主义的关键，并且GGRW也将其作为关键概念加以推崇。我重新审视了阿尔都塞这一概念在列宁和毛泽东著作中的根源，主张一种既非经济主义又与结构权力概念相容的解读多元决定的方式。
Working in the wake of theoretical tendencies that became prominent within geography during the 1980s, many studies of resistance have either bracketed or ignored structural power, with some versions of poststructuralism simply denying that structural power is a useful concept in a world where power is putatively highly fluid and dispersed. These sorts of approaches, exemplified by the recent works of J K Gibson-Graham, Stephen A Resnick, and Richard D Wolff (GGRW), limit the ability of studies of resistance to articulate the conditions under which political and social struggles might transcend resistance and succeed in liberating groups of humans from the oppressive conditions against which they struggle. In this paper, I discuss issues surrounding analysis of structural power in the wake of poststructuralist critiques of “structural Marxism,” presenting an alternative to GGRW's interpretation of Louis Althusser's concept of “overdetermination.” Overdetermination is a crucial concept, because it is rightly seen as the key to a noneconomistic Marxism and has been championed as such by GGRW. I re-examine the roots of Althusser's concept in the writings of Lenin and Mao, arguing for a way of reading overdetermination that is both noneconomistic and compatible with a notion of structural power.