Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome
Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1022270118899
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发表时间：
2003-02-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Howlin, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howlin, P
关于高功能自闭症和高功能自闭症是否应该被认为是相同或不同的问题，近年来一直是争论和争议的来源。在这项研究中，34名患有自闭症的成年人在语言方面表现出早期延迟，与42名据报道没有这种延迟的人进行了比较，无论是在使用单词还是短语方面。所有参与者年龄至少为18岁，非语言智商为70或以上，符合ADI-R的发病年龄，沟通和社交障碍以及刻板行为标准。语言迟缓组的人被诊断为高功能自闭症。其余患者被指定为患有Alfreger综合征。这些组在年龄、非语言智商和性别上相匹配。两组之间的ADI-R算法总评分或单个领域的算法评分均无显著差异。基于当前功能的社会结果评级和ADI-R评分也未能区分各组。语言理解和表达测试的分数也相似，但两组的语言能力都远低于实足年龄水平。这些结果的影响，就之间的差异，Reverger综合征和高功能自闭症进行了讨论。在语言测试中的糟糕表现也挑战了早期语言发展在Bogger综合征中基本正常的假设。
The question of whether Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism should be considered as the same or different conditions has been a source of debate and controversy over recent years. In the present study, 34 adults with autism who had shown early delays in language were compared with 42 individuals who were reported to have had no such delays, either in their use of words or phrases. All participants were at least 18 years of age, had a nonverbal IQ of 70 or above and met ADI-R criteria for age of onset, communication and social impairments, and stereotyped behaviors. Those in the language delay group were diagnosed as having high-functioning autism. The remainder were designated as having Asperger syndrome. The groups were matched for age, nonverbal IQ and gender. No significant differences were found between the groups either in their total ADI-R algorithm scores, or in their algorithm scores on individual domains. Social outcome ratings and ADI-R scores based on current functioning also failed to differentiate between the groups. Scores on tests of language comprehension and expression were also similar, but in both groups language abilities were well below chronological age level. The implications of these results with respect to the differences between Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism are discussed. The poor performance on language tests also challenges the assumption that early language development in Asperger syndrome is essentially normal.