Progenitor cells and vascular disease
Progenitor cells and vascular disease
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2184.2008.00488.x
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Hornick, P. I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jevon, M.;Dorling, A.;Hornick, P. I.
血管祖细胞近年来备受关注。从它们的病理生理学作用和作为治疗剂的潜力的角度来看。然而，目前还没有内皮祖细胞或血管平滑肌祖细胞的明确描述。据报道，具有分化成成熟内皮和血管平滑肌能力的细胞存在于许多不同的组织中，包括骨髓、脾脏、心肌、骨骼肌和脂肪组织。在这些生态位内，血管祖细胞保持静止状态，直到因损伤或疾病而被动员起来。一旦动员起来，这些祖细胞就会进入循环系统并迁移到受损部位，在那里它们有助于重塑过程。人们普遍认为内皮祖细胞具有修复性，可以恢复血管稳态，而平滑肌祖细胞则有助于病理变化。事实上，循环内皮祖细胞的数量与心血管危险因素的暴露量呈负相关，动物模型和人体研究的数量已经证明了内皮祖细胞的治疗作用，可以通过操纵它们过度表达血管保护基因来增强这种治疗作用。与内皮细胞相比，平滑肌祖细胞的研究较少，但是否也可以通过同样的操作来实现治疗效果仍有待确定。这篇综述概述了我们目前对内皮细胞和平滑肌祖细胞生物学的理解、它们在血管疾病中的作用以及它们作为治疗药物的潜力。
Vascular progenitor cells have been the focus of much attention in recent years; both from the point of view of their pathophysiological roles and their potential as therapeutic agents. However, there is as yet no definitive description of either endothelial or vascular smooth muscle progenitor cells. Cells with the ability to differentiate into mature endothelial and vascular smooth muscle reportedly reside within a number of different tissues, including bone marrow, spleen, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Within these niches, vascular progenitor cells remain quiescent, until mobilized in response to injury or disease. Once mobilized, these progenitor cells enter the circulation and migrate to sites of damage, where they contribute to the remodelling process. It is generally perceived that endothelial progenitors are reparative, acting to restore vascular homeostasis, while smooth muscle progenitors contribute to pathological changes. Indeed, the number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells inversely correlates with exposure to cardiovascular risk factors and numbers of animal models and human studies have demonstrated therapeutic roles for enclothelial progenitor cells, which can be enhanced by manipulating them to overexpress vasculo-protective genes. It remains to be determined whether smooth muscle progenitor cells, which are less well studied than their endothelial counterparts, can likewise be manipulated to achieve therapeutic benefit. This review outlines our current understanding of endothelial and smooth muscle progenitor cell biology, their roles in vascular disease and their potential as therapeutic agents.