Endocrine disruptors in sewage treatment plants, receiving river waters, and sediments: Integration of chemical analysis and biological effects on feral carp
Endocrine disruptors in sewage treatment plants, receiving river waters, and sediments: Integration of chemical analysis and biological effects on feral carp
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.5620211018
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发表时间：
2002-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
M. Petrovíc;M. Solé;M. López De Alda;D. Barceló
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Petrovíc;M. Solé;M. López De Alda;D. Barceló
在污水处理厂（STP）流出物及其接收水中，烷基酚聚氧乙烯酯或其代谢物（烷基酚和羧基化衍生物）以及天然和合成类固醇的出现与生物效应有关，可通过测定天然鱼类种群血浆卵黄蛋白原（VTG）浓度的变化来衡量。在西班牙东北部的略布里加特河的两条支流中，对STP的进水、流出物、污泥、河水、沉积物和野生鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）进行了为期7个月的分析。固相萃取/液相色谱/质谱（SPE‐LC‐MS）分析显示，stp下游河水中壬基酚乙氧基酯（NPEOs）、壬基酚（NP）和壬基苯氧基羧酸（NPE1C）的浓度分别高达31 μg/L、15 μg/L和35 μg/L。这些化合物还被发现在河流沉积物中积累，npeo的浓度为10 ~ 820 μg/kg， NP的浓度为22 ~ 645 μg/kg。在分析的水和沉积物中也存在天然和合成的雌激素和孕激素，但分别在ng/L和μg/kg范围内。卵黄原蛋白在不同的地点和采样周期中存在波动，但在主要STP下游采集的雄性鲤鱼中发现卵黄原蛋白有所增加。水体和沉积物中内分泌干扰化合物（EDCs）与雄性鲤鱼血浆VTG浓度存在相关性，特别是水体和沉积物中烷基酚类化合物（n = 24时r = 0.83-0.84）和水体中雌三醇和雌酮（n = 9和8时r =0.78和0.94）。
Occurrence of alkylphenol ethoxylates or their metabolites (alkylphenols and carboxylated derivatives), as well as natural and synthetic steroids in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents and in their receiving waters, has been related to biological effects, measured as alterations of plasma vitellogenin (VTG) concentration in natural fish populations. Water composites of STP influents, effluents, sludge, river water, sediment, and feral carps (Cyprinus carpio) were analyzed over a seven‐month period in two tributaries of the Llobregat River (NE Spain). Solid‐phase extraction/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPE‐LC‐MS) analysis revealed concentrations of up to 31 μg/L for nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs), 15 μg/L for nonylphenol (NP), and 35 μg/L for nonylphenoxy carboxylate (NPE1C) in river water downstream of STPs. These compounds were also found to accumulate in river sediment with concentrations ranging from 10 to 820 μg/kg of NPEOs and from 22 to 645 μg/kg for NP. Natural and synthetic estrogens and progestogens also occurred in the water and sediments analyzed but in the ng/L and μg/kg range, respectively. Vitellogenin fluctuated among sites and sampling periods, but it was found to be increased in male carp collected downstream of the main STP. A correlation between endocrine‐disrupting compounds (EDCs) in water and sediment and plasma VTG concentration in male carp was observed, especially for alkylphenolic compounds in water and sediment samples (r = 0.83–0.84 for n = 24) and for estriol and estrone in water (r =0.78 and 0.94 for n = 9 and 8, respectively).