Persimmon breeding in Japan for pollination-constant non-astringent (PCNA) type with marker-assisted selection.
Persimmon breeding in Japan for pollination-constant non-astringent (PCNA) type with marker-assisted selection.
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DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs.66.60
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yamada M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sato A;Yamada M
东方柿子（Diospyros kaki）原产于东亚，中国、日本和韩国已培育出许多本土品种。根据其在树上自然收敛性损失和种子形成，这些品种被分为四组：授粉恒定非收敛性（PCNA）、授粉变异非收敛性（PVNA）、授粉恒定收敛性（PCA）和授粉变异收敛性（PVA）。 PCNA 是最理想的类型，因为果实无需任何采后处理即可食用；因此，我们柿子育种计划的目标之一是培育优良的 PCNA 品种。 PCNA 基因型相对于其他三种非 PCNA 基因型是隐性的，PCNA 型 F1 后代完全是通过 PCNA 基因型之间的杂交获得的。此外，优良 PCNA 交叉亲本的数量也有限。 20世纪80年代末，近交衰退变得明显，特别是在果实大小、树势和生产力方面。为了减少近交，1990年开始了使用PCNA [(非PCNA×PCNA)×PCNA]的回交计划。然而，这个过程效率低下，因为只有15%的后代是PCNA，并且所有后代都必须生长到结果阶段。因此，开发了与 PCNA 基因座连锁的分子标记来区分 PCNA 后代。与中国 PCNA 相关的分子标记也已开发出来。
Oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki) originated in Eastern Asia, and many indigenous cultivars have been developed in China, Japan, and Korea. These cultivars are classified into four groups based on their natural astringency loss on the tree and seed formation: pollination-constant non-astringent (PCNA), pollination-variant non-astringent (PVNA), pollination-constant astringent (PCA), and pollination-variant astringent (PVA). PCNA is the most desirable type because the fruit can be eaten without any postharvest treatment; therefore, one of the goals of our persimmon breeding programs is to release superior PCNA cultivars. The PCNA genotype is recessive to the other three non-PCNA genotypes, and PCNA-type F1 offspring are obtained exclusively from crosses among PCNA genotypes. Moreover, the number of superior PCNA cross-parents have been limited. In the late 1980s, inbreeding depression became obvious, especially in terms of fruit size, tree vigor, and productivity. To mitigate the inbreeding, a backcross program using PCNA [(non-PCNA × PCNA) × PCNA] was started in 1990. This process, however, was inefficient because only 15% of the offspring were PCNA, and all offspring had to be grown to the fruiting stage. Therefore, molecular markers linked to the PCNA locus were developed for discriminating PCNA offspring. A molecular marker linked to Chinese PCNA has also been developed.