Assessment of exposure to opiates and cocaine during pregnancy in a Mediterranean city:: Preliminary results of the "Meconium Project"
Assessment of exposure to opiates and cocaine during pregnancy in a Mediterranean city:: Preliminary results of the "Meconium Project"
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.04.013
复制
发表时间：
2005-10-04
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
García-Algar, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pichini, S;Puig, C;García-Algar, S
“胎便项目”在欧洲首次旨在估计孕妇吸毒的流行率以及怀孕期间接触非法药物对胎儿和婴儿的影响。 2002年10月至2004年2月期间，西班牙巴塞罗那德尔马医院的1439对母婴中，有1151对（79%）符合资格标准并同意参加这项研究。我们提供了首批 830 个胎便样本和 549 个母婴双体的初步结果，并完成了社会经济和人口特征以及新生儿体格测量的统计分析。胎粪分析显示，滥用药物的总体阳性率为 7.9%，分析物为 6-单乙酰吗啡和可卡因，最常见于阿片类药物和可卡因阳性样本中。结构化访谈显示，分别有 1.3%、1.8% 和 1.3% 的母亲接触过阿片类药物、可卡因和这两种药物，而只有一位母亲声称吸食了摇头丸。胎粪分析显示阿片类药物、可卡因和混合药物的暴露率分别为8.7%、4.4%和2.2%，证实了摇头丸的使用情况。槟榔碱是主要的槟榔生物碱，在四名亚洲新生儿的胎粪样本中发现，这些新生儿的母亲声称在怀孕期间食用了甲虫坚果。父母种族与吸毒无关，社会阶层也与吸毒无关，尽管在职业和半熟练母亲中观察到吸毒倾向较高。与不吸毒的母亲（胎便阴性测试）相比，吸毒的母亲以前怀孕和堕胎的次数更高（p < 0.05），这可能是由于缺乏计划生育。怀孕期间阿片类药物和可卡因的消费与主动吸烟、大量吸烟和吸食大麻有关。暴露状态和吸烟行为与仅接触可卡因以及同时接触阿片类药物和可卡因的母亲所生的新生儿出生体重显着降低相关。在暴露于槟榔碱的 4 名新生儿中，1 名出现低出生体重、宫内生长低、反射减退和肌张力减退。 (C) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 保留所有权利。
For the first time in Europe, the "Meconium Project" aimed to estimate the prevalence of drug use by pregnant women and the effects of exposure to illicit drugs during pregnancy on the fetus and infant. Between October 2002 and February 2004, 1151 (79%) dyads among the 1439 mother-infant dyads from the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain, met eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. We present preliminary results on the first 830 meconium samples and 549 mother-infant dyads, for which statistical analysis of socio-economic and demographic characteristics and newborn somatometry was completed. The meconium analysis showed an overall 7.9% positivity for drugs of abuse, with 6-monoacetylmorphine and cocaine being the analytes, most frequently found in samples positive for opiates and cocaine. Structured interview disclosed 1.3, 1.8 and 1.3% of mothers exposed to opiates, cocaine and both drugs, while only one mother declared ecstasy consumption. Meconium analysis showed that prevalence of opiates, cocaine and combined drugs exposure was 8.7, 4.4 and 2.2%, respectively, and confirmed the case of ecstasy use. Arecoline, the main areca nut alkaloid, was found in meconium specimens from four Asiatic newborns, whose mothers declared beetle nut consumption during pregnancy. Parental ethnicity was not associated with drug use, nor was the social class, although a higher tendency toward drug consumption was observed in professional and partly skilled mothers. Drug consuming mothers showed a higher number of previous pregnancies and abortions (p < 0.05) when compared to non-consumer mothers (meconium negative test), probably due to a lack of family planning. Consumption of opiates and cocaine during pregnancy was associated with active tobacco smoking, a higher number of smoked cigarettes and cannabis use. Exposure status and smoking behavior correlated with significantly lower birth weight in newborns from mothers exposed only to cocaine and to opiates and cocaine simultaneously. Of the four newborns exposed to arecoline, one showed a low birth weight, low intrauterine growth, hyporeflexia and hypotonia. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.