Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells
Endometrial regeneration and endometrial stem/progenitor cells
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11154-012-9221-9
复制
发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Ye, Louie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gargett, Caroline E.;Nguyen, Hong P. T.;Ye, Louie
人类子宫内膜的功能层是一种高度再生的组织，在女性的生殖年龄期间经历每月的生长、分化和脱落周期。循环中雌激素和孕激素水平的波动协调了人类子宫内膜的这种戏剧性重塑。绝经后妇女的薄的非活性子宫内膜类似于周期性子宫内膜的永久基底层，保留了对外源性类固醇激素的反应能力，以再生为能够支持妊娠的厚的功能性子宫内膜。子宫内膜再生也发生在分娩和子宫内膜切除后。在非发情期啮齿类动物中，子宫内膜上皮在发情周期中经历多轮增殖和凋亡。最近在人和小鼠子宫内膜中鉴定出成体干细胞，表明上皮祖细胞和间充质干/基质细胞在子宫内膜上皮和基质的周期性再生中具有关键作用。本文将总结子宫内膜干/祖细胞的证据，研究它们在子宫内膜上皮修复和雌激素诱导的子宫内膜再生的小鼠模型中的作用，并描述了从人胚胎干细胞产生子宫内膜样上皮。随着标记物现在可用于识别子宫内膜间充质干细胞/基质细胞，其可能的作用，在妇科疾病相关的异常子宫内膜增殖和其潜在的应用细胞为基础的治疗再生生殖和其他组织将进行讨论。
The functional layer of the human endometrium is a highly regenerative tissue undergoing monthly cycles of growth, differentiation and shedding during a woman's reproductive years. Fluctuating levels of circulating estrogen and progesterone orchestrate this dramatic remodeling of human endometrium. The thin inactive endometrium of postmenopausal women which resembles the permanent basal layer of cycling endometrium retains the capacity to respond to exogenous sex steroid hormones to regenerate into a thick functional endometrium capable of supporting pregnancy. Endometrial regeneration also follows parturition and endometrial resection. In non menstruating rodents, endometrial epithelium undergoes rounds of proliferation and apoptosis during estrus cycles. The recent identification of adult stem cells in both human and mouse endometrium suggests that epithelial progenitor cells and the mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have key roles in the cyclical regeneration of endometrial epithelium and stroma. This review will summarize the evidence for endometrial stem/progenitor cells, examine their role in mouse models of endometrial epithelial repair and estrogen-induced endometrial regeneration, and also describe the generation of endometrial-like epithelium from human embryonic stem cells. With markers now available for identifying endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, their possible role in gynecological diseases associated with abnormal endometrial proliferation and their potential application in cell-based therapies to regenerate reproductive and other tissues will be discussed.