Unusual metabolic diversity of hyperalkaliphilic microbial communities associated with subterranean serpentinization at The Cedars
Unusual metabolic diversity of hyperalkaliphilic microbial communities associated with subterranean serpentinization at The Cedars
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2017.111
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发表时间：
2017-07
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通讯作者：
S. Suzuki;Shun’ichi Ishii;T. Hoshino;A. Rietze;A. Tenney;P. Morrill;F. Inagaki;J. Kuenen;K. Nealson
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Suzuki;Shun’ichi Ishii;T. Hoshino;A. Rietze;A. Tenney;P. Morrill;F. Inagaki;J. Kuenen;K. Nealson
雪松泉的水从蛇纹化超镁铁质岩石中排出，具有高碱性（pH=~12）、高还原性（Eh<−550 mV）和低离子浓度的特征。这些条件使得弹簧对生命具有特别的挑战性。在这里，我们报告了宏基因组数据，并从两个不同的弹簧，GPS 1和BS 5恢复草案基因组。GPS 1，这是由深层地下水源的serpentinizing系统内，占主导地位的几个细菌类群从门OD 1（'Parcubacteria'）和绿黄杆菌。在大多数情况下，GPS 1社区的成员具有各自分类群中报告的最小基因组，并且仅编码古细菌（A型）ATP酶或根本不编码ATP酶。此外，没有一个成员编码呼吸相关基因，一些成员也不编码关键的生物合成相关基因。相比之下，BS 5，由浅水喂养，似乎有一个社区驱动的氢代谢，并占主导地位的一个不同的组ofProteobacteria类似于那些在许多陆地蛇纹岩化网站。我们的研究结果表明，严酷的超基性岩地质环境支持了出乎意料的多样化微生物代谢策略，深水泉水支持了一个在其不寻常的宏基因组和基因组构成方面非常出色的社区。
Water from The Cedars springs that discharge from serpentinized ultramafic rocks feature highly basic (pH=~12), highly reducing (Eh<−550 mV) conditions with low ionic concentrations. These conditions make the springs exceptionally challenging for life. Here, we report the metagenomic data and recovered draft genomes from two different springs, GPS1 and BS5. GPS1, which was fed solely by a deep groundwater source within the serpentinizing system, was dominated by several bacterial taxa from the phyla OD1 (‘Parcubacteria’) andChloroflexi. Members of the GPS1 community had, for the most part, the smallest genomes reported for their respective taxa, and encoded only archaeal (A-type) ATP synthases or no ATP synthases at all. Furthermore, none of the members encoded respiration-related genes and some of the members also did not encode key biosynthesis-related genes. In contrast, BS5, fed by shallow water, appears to have a community driven by hydrogen metabolism and was dominated by a diverse group ofProteobacteriasimilar to those seen in many terrestrial serpentinization sites. Our findings indicated that the harsh ultrabasic geological setting supported unexpectedly diverse microbial metabolic strategies and that the deep-water-fed springs supported a community that was remarkable in its unusual metagenomic and genomic constitution.