Intra-seasonal variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet and breeding performance of a high Arctic planktivorous seabird
Intra-seasonal variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet and breeding performance of a high Arctic planktivorous seabird
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-015-1880-z
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Stempniewicz, Lech
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jakubas, Dariusz;Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Katarzyna;Stempniewicz, Lech
代表被捕食者和捕食者的物种对气候变化的不同物候反应可能导致生态系统功能依赖性组成部分之间的不匹配，对其结构和功能产生重要影响。在这里，我们调查的季节内变化的浮游动物的可用性，小鸡的饮食组成和繁殖性能的一个小的食虫海鸟，小海雀（Alle Alle）在两个大的殖民地霍恩松德和马格达勒内峡湾，斯匹次卑尔根，不同的同步繁殖（11天与22天的孵化期，分别）。假设类似的浮游动物物候和现有的差异，在持续时间的小海雀繁殖期，我们预计较低的可用性的首选食物在Magdalenefjorden不同步的殖民地，因此对雏鸟的体重和生存的负面影响。我们发现，在这两个殖民地的哲水蚤glacialis（桡足类阶段CV）是最重要的猎物项目在小鸡的饮食构成的68- 87%的生物量和能量的所有猎物项目。唯一的例外是马格达勒内峡湾的养鸡期结束时，这种猎物的贡献明显较低（24- 26%）。因此，马格达勒内峡湾的晚期育种者显然不匹配C。glacialis CV可用性。然而，孵化日期并没有影响鸟类适合度（繁殖输出和雏鸟预羽化质量）显着。我们的研究结果表明，小海雀斯匹次卑尔根群岛繁殖可以响应范围广泛的环境条件和猎物的可用性，通过其觅食行为的可塑性，这可能有助于他们保持其最佳的健身水平在不断变化和不可预测的环境。
Different phenological responses to climate changes by species representing preys and predators may lead to mismatch between functionally dependent components of an ecosystem, with important effects on its structure and functioning. Here, we investigate within-season variation in zooplankton availability, chick diet composition and breeding performance of a small planktivorous seabird, the little auk (Alle alle) in two large colonies in Hornsund and Magdalenefjorden, Spitsbergen, differing in synchrony of breeding (11-day vs. 22-day hatching period, respectively). Assuming similar zooplankton phenology and existing differences in duration of the little auk breeding period, we expected lower availability of the preferred food in the less synchronized colony in Magdalenefjorden and in consequence a negative effect on nestling body mass and survival. We found that in both colonies Calanus glacialis (copepodite stage CV) was the most important prey item in the chick diet making up 68-87 % of the biomass and energy of all prey items. The only exception was the end of the chick-rearing period in Magdalenefjorden, when contribution of this prey item was significantly lower (24-26 %). Thus, late breeders in Magdalenefjorden were apparently mismatched regarding C. glacialis CV availability. However, the hatching date did not affect birds fitness (reproductive output and chick pre-fledging mass) significantly. Results of our study indicate that little auks breeding on Spitsbergen can respond to a wide range of environmental conditions and prey availabilities through the plasticity of their foraging behaviour, which may help them to maintain their optimum fitness level in changing and unpredictable environments.