The Laws of Returns under Competitive Conditions
The Laws of Returns under Competitive Conditions
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竞争条件下的回报法则
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通讯作者：
P. Sraffa
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作者：
P. Sraffa
目前经济学立场的一个显著特点是，经济学家几乎一致同意竞争价值理论，这一理论的灵感来自于供求力量之间存在的基本对称性，并基于这样一种假设，即决定特定商品价格的根本原因可以简化并归类在一起，以便由一对集体需求和供给的相交曲线来表示。这种情况与上个世纪描述政治经济学的价值理论的争论形成了如此鲜明的对比，以至于几乎可以认为，从这些思想的冲突中，最终真理的火花终于被击中了。
AbstractA striking feature of the present position of economic science is the almost unanimous agreement at which economists have arrived regarding the theory of competitive value, which is inspired by the fundamental symmetry existing between the forces of demand and those of supply, and is based upon the assumption that the essential causes determining the price of particular commodities may be simplified and grouped together so as to be represented by a pair of intersecting curves of collective demand and supply. This state of things is in such marked contrast with the controversies on the theory of value by which political economy was characterised during the past century, that it might almost be thought that from these clashes of thought the spark of an ultimate truth had at length been struck…