International trends in public perceptions of climate change over the past quarter century
International trends in public perceptions of climate change over the past quarter century
复制标题
过去四分之一世纪公众对气候变化认识的国际趋势
DOI：
10.1002/wcc.321
复制
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Upham, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capstick, Stuart;Whitmarsh, Lorraine;Upham, Paul
众所周知，公众对气候变化的看法因国家而异，并随着时间的推移而波动。在文献中可以找到这些变化的许多似是而非的描述和解释。然而，对于过去四分之一世纪出现的主要趋势和模式或这些变化背后的因素，还没有一个清晰的画面。这个系统的审查认为以前的实证研究已经解决了时间方面的公众看法。我们处理的结果，已获得自20世纪80年代以来，并使用一系列的方法。在这篇评论中，我们考虑了早期的，开创性的工作，检查公众的看法;调查研究进行了很长一段时间，并在国际范围内;详细的统计分析的驱动因素不断变化的看法;和定性研究具有纵向组成部分。研究表明，在2000年代后期，一些发达国家的怀疑态度日益增长，这是由经济和社会政治因素造成的。即便如此，近年来，世界许多地区对气候变化的担忧日益加剧。我们的结论是，文献中对民意调查数据和西方国家（特别是美国）公众认知研究的不平衡，使人们对全球公众对气候变化的理解进展知之甚少。需要进行更多的研究，使用推论统计程序来了解公众看法趋势背后的原因。定性纵向方法的应用还提供了更好地了解气候变化观念演变的文化背景的潜力。(C)2014作者WIREs Climate Change由John Wiley & Sons，Ltd出版
Public perceptions of climate change are known to differ between nations and to have fluctuated over time. Numerous plausible characterizations of these variations, and explanations for them, are to be found in the literature. However, a clear picture has not yet emerged as to the principal trends and patterns that have occurred over the past quarter-century or the factors behind these changes. This systematic review considers previous empirical research that has addressed the temporal aspects to public perceptions. We address findings that have been obtained since the 1980s and using a range of methodologies. In this review, we consider early, seminal work examining public perceptions; survey studies carried out over long timescales and at an international scale; detailed statistical analyses of the drivers of changing perceptions; and qualitative research featuring a longitudinal component. Studies point to growing skepticism in the latter 2000s in some developed countries, underpinned by economic and sociopolitical factors. Even so, in many parts of the world, there has been growing concern about climate change in recent years. We conclude that the imbalance in the literature toward polling data, and toward studies of public perceptions in Western nations (particularly the United States), leaves much unknown about the progression of public understanding of climate change worldwide. More research is required that uses inferential statistical procedures to understand the reasons behind trends in public perceptions. The application of qualitative longitudinal methodologies also offers the potential for better appreciation of the cultural contexts in which climate change perceptions are evolving. (C) 2014 The Authors. WIREs Climate Change published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.