Global Mental Health 5 Human resources for mental health care: current situation and strategies for action
Global Mental Health 5 Human resources for mental health care: current situation and strategies for action
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61093-3
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发表时间：
2011-11-05
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Scheffler, Richard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kakuma, Ritsuko;Minas, Harry;Scheffler, Richard M.
许多国家面临的一个挑战是为提供必要的心理健康干预措施提供充足的人力资源。全世界，特别是低收入和中等收入国家，心理健康人力资源严重短缺，这是众所周知的。在这里，我们回顾了精神卫生人力资源的现状，需求和行动战略。目前，低收入和中等收入国家的心理健康人力资源严重短缺，除非采取有效措施，否则这种短缺可能会加剧。有证据表明，通过社区方案和任务转移办法，可以在初级保健环境中有效提供精神保健。非专业卫生专业人员、非专业工作者、受影响的个人和照顾者经过简短的培训和精神卫生专家的适当监督，能够发现、诊断、治疗和监测精神障碍患者，减轻照顾者的负担。我们还讨论了扩大成本，人力资源管理和领导精神卫生，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家的背景下。
A challenge faced by many countries is to provide adequate human resources for delivery of essential mental health interventions. The overwhelming worldwide shortage of human resources for mental health, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, is well established. Here, we review the current state of human resources for mental health, needs, and strategies for action. At present, human resources for mental health in countries of low and middle income show a serious shortfall that is likely to grow unless effective steps are taken. Evidence suggests that mental health care can be delivered effectively in primary health-care settings, through community-based programmes and task-shifting approaches. Non-specialist health professionals, lay workers, affected individuals, and caregivers with brief training and appropriate supervision by mental health specialists are able to detect, diagnose, treat, and monitor individuals with mental disorders and reduce caregiver burden. We also discuss scale-up costs, human resources management, and leadership for mental health, particularly within the context of low-income and middle-income countries.