Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum
Electron vortices: Beams with orbital angular momentum
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.89.035004
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发表时间：
2017-08-16
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Yuan, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lloyd, S. M.;Babiker, M.;Yuan, J.
自从认识到光学涡旋束携带的轨道角动量的物理意义和应用潜力以来，近20年过去了，最近在一些实验室预测和随后产生了电子涡旋束。随着理论和实验的迅速发展，人们对电子涡旋光束的兴趣迅速增长。这种快速的进展在很大程度上可以部分归因于电子光学和光子学之间的明显相似之处，这是因为控制光束自由空间传播的亥姆霍兹方程和控制自由传播电子涡旋光束的与时间无关的薛定谔方程之间的功能等价性。然而，这两种涡旋光束的性质有很大的不同。这篇综述主要涉及电子类型，特别强调了明显的涡旋特征：特别是自旋、电荷、电流和磁矩、空间分布以及相关的电场和磁场。指出和分析了这种性质的物理后果和潜在的应用，包括纳米粒子的操纵和电子涡旋与物质相互作用中轨道角动量转移的机制。
The recent prediction and subsequent creation of electron vortex beams in a number of laboratories occurred after almost 20 years had elapsed since the recognition of the physical significance and potential for applications of the orbital angular momentum carried by optical vortex beams. A rapid growth in interest in electron vortex beams followed, with swift theoretical and experimental developments. Much of the rapid progress can be attributed in part to the clear similarities between electron optics and photonics arising from the functional equivalence between the Helmholtz equations governing the free-space propagation of optical beams and the time-independent Schrodinger equation governing freely propagating electron vortex beams. There are, however, key differences in the properties of the two kinds of vortex beams. This review is primarily concerned with the electron type, with specific emphasis on the distinguishing vortex features: notably the spin, electric charge, current and magnetic moment, the spatial distribution, and the associated electric and magnetic fields. The physical consequences and potential applications of such properties are pointed out and analyzed, including nanoparticle manipulation and the mechanisms of orbital angular momentum transfer in the electron vortex interaction with matter.