A PATHWAY TO INITIATE BOTTOM-UP COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION WITHIN A TOP-DOWN SYSTEM: THE CASE OF CHINA
A PATHWAY TO INITIATE BOTTOM-UP COMMUNITY-BASED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION WITHIN A TOP-DOWN SYSTEM: THE CASE OF CHINA
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DOI：
10.2495/safe-v7-n3-283-293
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Sim;L. Dominelli;J. Lau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Sim;L. Dominelli;J. Lau
与其他国家一样，中国对当地脆弱性和灾害特征的认识不足，以及快速工业化的社会，使得提高抵御自然灾害的能力特别具有挑战性。这在农村地区尤其明显，因为农村地区可用于减少灾害风险举措的人力和财政资源有限。中国政府建立了自上而下的社区减灾体系，以确保社区减灾能力得到有效提升。从长远来看，自上而下的管理方式往往会破坏当地的能力和本地的DRR（减少灾害风险）知识。需要认识到社区作为复杂和动态的实体在减少灾害风险方面的重要性。本研究采用参与式行动研究（PAR），探讨了在中国自上而下的制度环境中启动自下而上的CBDRR的途径。通过PAR，对陕西省一个农村的研究表明，自下而上的举措可以补充现有的系统。其目前的进展表明，在中国使用跨学科的视角启动CBDRR的潜力，自上而下和自下而上的方法，与不同的学科结合起来，以提高农村社区的抗灾能力。
In China, as in other countries, inadequate knowledge of local vulnerability and hazard characteristics, and a rapidly industrialising society render enhancing resilience to natural disasters particularly challenging. This is particularly evident in rural areas with limited human and financial resources available for disaster risk reduction initiatives. The Chinese government institutionalized a top-down community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) system to ensure that the capacity of communities would be enhanced effectively. In the long run, a top-down management style often undermines local capacities and vernacular DRR (disaster risk reduction) knowledge. There is a need to recognize the importance of communities as complex and dynamic entities in reducing disaster risks. Adopting participatory action research (PAR), this in-progress exploratory study examines a pathway to initiate bottom-up CBDRR within China’s top-down institutional setting. Through PAR, the study of a rural village in Shaanxi Province shows that bottom-up initiatives can complement the existing system. Its current progress demonstrates the potential for using a transdisciplinary perspective to initiate CBDRR in China, where both top-down and bottom-up approaches, come together alongside different disciplines to increase a rural community’s disaster resilience.