Hepatitis B infection is highly endemic in Uganda: findings from a national serosurvey.
Hepatitis B infection is highly endemic in Uganda: findings from a national serosurvey.
复制标题
乙型肝炎感染在乌干达高度流行：全国血清调查的结果。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Rosamund F. Lewis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Bwogi;F. Braka;Issa Makumbi;V. Mishra;B. Bakamutumaho;M. Nanyunja;A. Opio;R. Downing;B. Biryahwaho;Rosamund F. Lewis
背景
乌干达于 2002 年开始进行婴儿乙型肝炎免疫接种。
目标
确定乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染的基线患病率并探讨危险因素。
方法
乙型肝炎流行率研究包含在 2005 年全国艾滋病毒/艾滋病血清行为调查中。通过问卷调查探讨人口统计特征和危险因素。对 15 至 59 岁成年人的三分之一血液样本 (n=5875) 进行了乙型肝炎核心抗体 (HBcAb) 检测；对阳性标本进行了乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）检测。
结果
52.3% (95% CI: 51.0-53.6) 的成人存在 HBcAb，10.3% (9.5-11.1) 存在 HBsAg。到15-19岁，40.0%的人感染过乙肝病毒。在乌干达北部、农村地区、穷人和受教育程度最低的人群以及未受割礼的男性中，这两种标志物的患病率显着较高。其他感染的独立预测因素包括年龄、种族、职业、性伴侣数量以及 HIV 和 HSV-2 状态。
结论
乙型肝炎病毒感染在乌干达高度流行，传播发生在儿童和成人时期。超过 140 万成年人受到慢性感染，一些社区受到的影响尤为严重。应持续实施乙型肝炎婴儿免疫计划，并考虑对年龄较大的儿童进行补种疫苗接种。
BACKGROUND
Infant immunization against hepatitis B began in Uganda in 2002.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the baseline prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and explore risk factors.
METHODS
A hepatitis B prevalence study was nested in the 2005 national HIV/AIDS serobehavioural survey. Demographic characteristics and risk factors were explored by questionnaire. One third of blood specimens (n=5875) from adults aged 15 to 59 years were tested for hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb); positive specimens were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
RESULTS
HBcAb was present in 52.3% (95% CI: 51.0-53.6) of adults, and HBsAg in 10.3% (9.5-11.1). By 15-19 years of age, 40.0% had been infected with HBV. Prevalence of both markers was significantly higher across northern Uganda, in rural areas, among the poor and least educated, and in uncircumcised men. Other independent predictors of infection were age, ethnic group, occupation, number of sex partners, and HIV and HSV-2 status.
CONCLUSION
Hepatitis B virus infection is highly endemic in Uganda, with transmission occurring in childhood and adulthood. More than 1.4 million adults are chronically infected and some communities disproportionately affected. The hepatitis B infant immunization programme should be sustained and catch-up vaccination considered for older children.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
J. Ndinya-Achola
通讯作者：
J. Ndinya-Achola
DOI：
10.1086/424879
发表时间：
2004-11
期刊：
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子：
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作者：
P. Tien;A. Kovacs;P. Bacchetti;A. French;M. Augenbraun;S. Cole;N. Hessol;J. Justman
通讯作者：
P. Tien;A. Kovacs;P. Bacchetti;A. French;M. Augenbraun;S. Cole;N. Hessol;J. Justman