A study protocol testing pre-exposure dose and compound pre-exposure on the mechanisms of latent inhibition of dental fear.
A study protocol testing pre-exposure dose and compound pre-exposure on the mechanisms of latent inhibition of dental fear.
复制标题
测试预暴露剂量和化合物预暴露对牙科恐惧潜在抑制机制的研究方案。
DOI：
10.1186/s40359-024-01527-w
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发表时间：
2024-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nedley, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geers, Andrew L.;Seligman, Laura D.;Pituch, Keenan A.;Colagiuri, Ben;Marusak, Hilary A.;Rabinak, Christine A.;Turner, Natalie;Al-Ado, Sena L.;Nedley, Michael
关键词：
牙齿刺激在与令人厌恶的结果配对或条件反射后会引起恐惧（例如，疼痛）。在条件反射之前预先暴露刺激物可以通过被称为潜在抑制的现象损害牙科恐惧学习。理论认为，预期关联和注意力的变化是潜在抑制的两种机制。在拟议的研究中，我们测试是否预曝光剂量和预曝光的新奇性程度增强预期的相关性和注意力的变化，以预曝光的刺激。我们还评估这些操作是否会改变潜在抑制，并探索个体差异在疼痛敏感性中可能发挥的调节作用。参与者将是来自两个研究中心的不同年龄（6至35岁）的健康个体。参与者将在一个全新的虚拟现实环境中进行预暴露和调节，然后进行短期和长期的学习测试。非条件刺激将是对上颌前牙的短暂加压的空气喷流。预暴露剂量（低与高）和预暴露新奇性（元素刺激与复合刺激）将是受试者间因素，刺激类型（预暴露待条件刺激、非预暴露条件刺激和未配对对照刺激）和试验作为受试者内因素。将通过自我报告和冷加压试验测量疼痛敏感性。据推测，较大剂量的预暴露和化合物预暴露将增强目标机制的参与，从而以减少恐惧学习的形式导致更大的潜在抑制。此外，假设在基线疼痛敏感性更高的参与者中观察到更大的影响。拟议的研究将测试预暴露剂量和复合刺激呈现是否改变了对预暴露刺激的预期相关性和注意力，从而增强对牙科恐惧的潜在抑制。如果发现，结果将增加我们对牙科恐惧症潜在抑制的理论理解，并为未来的牙科恐惧症预防干预提供信息。
Dental stimuli can evoke fear after being paired - or conditioned - with aversive outcomes (e.g., pain). Pre-exposing the stimuli before conditioning can impair dental fear learning via a phenomenon known as latent inhibition. Theory suggests changes in expected relevance and attention are two mechanisms responsible for latent inhibition. In the proposed research, we test whether pre-exposure dose and degree of pre-exposure novelty potentiate changes in expected relevance and attention to a pre-exposed stimulus. We also assess if the manipulations alter latent inhibition and explore the possible moderating role of individual differences in pain sensitivity. Participants will be healthy individuals across a wide range of ages (6 to 35 years), from two study sites. Participants will undergo pre-exposure and conditioning followed by both a short-term and long-term test of learning, all in a novel virtual reality environment. The unconditioned stimulus will be a brief pressurized puff of air to a maxillary anterior tooth. Pre-exposure dose (low vs. high) and pre-exposure novelty (element stimulus vs. compound stimuli) will be between-subject factors, with stimulus type (pre-exposed to-be conditioned stimulus, a non-pre-exposed conditioned stimulus, and an unpaired control stimulus) and trial as within-subject factors. Pain sensitivity will be measured through self-report and a cold pressor test. It is hypothesized that a larger dose of pre-exposure and compound pre-exposure will potentiate the engagement of the target mechanisms and thereby result in greater latent inhibition in the form of reduced fear learning. Further, it is hypothesized that larger effects will be observed in participants with greater baseline pain sensitivity. The proposed study will test whether pre-exposure dose and compound stimulus presentation change expected relevance and attention to the pre-exposed stimulus, and thereby enhance latent inhibition of dental fear. If found, the results will add to our theoretical understanding of the latent inhibition of dental fear and inform future interventions for dental phobia prevention.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0031724
发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Leung, Hiu Tin;Killcross, A. S.;Westbrook, R. Frederick
通讯作者：
Westbrook, R. Frederick
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
McNally, Gavan P.;Johansen, Joshua P.;Blair, Hugh T.
通讯作者：
Blair, Hugh T.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Marusak, Hilary A.;Peters, Craig;Rabinak, Christine A.
通讯作者：
Rabinak, Christine A.
DOI：
10.1080/10705511.2014.935266
发表时间：
2015-01-02
影响因子：
6
作者：
Falk, Carl F.;Biesanz, Jeremy C.
通讯作者：
Biesanz, Jeremy C.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Armfield, Jason M.
通讯作者：
Armfield, Jason M.