Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees
Halting a pneumococcal pneumonia outbreak among United States Marine Corps trainees
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DOI：
10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00114-4
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Earhart, KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crum, NF;Wallace, MR;Earhart, KC
背景：肺炎链球菌是所有年龄组细菌性肺炎的主要原因。确定肺炎球菌疾病的爆发和关键风险因素，可能会改善高危人群的疫苗接种和预防策略。一次重大的S.方法：采用标准的微生物学方法和流行病学评估对一起海军新兵肺炎疫情进行调查，确定疫情的范围，确定病原微生物，确定疾病发展的危险因素，并制定预防措施，防止新兵肺炎的进一步发生。在二零零零年十一月的两星期内，共有3367名新招募的水警人员感染了52宗经X光证实的肺炎。其中25起发生在一个由481名男子组成的连队，发病率为5.2%。25例中有12例由沙门氏菌引起。肺炎，血清型4和9 v.疫情迅速结束后，隔离的情况下，预防口服阿奇霉素，和管理的23-valent肺炎球菌vaccine.Conclusions：这次爆发的肺炎球菌病发生在设置紧张的军事训练和拥挤的环境。应考虑在受训军人和其他高危人群中全年使用肺炎球菌疫苗，以减少肺炎球菌疾病。
Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia in all age groups. Identifying outbreaks of pneumococcal disease and key risk factors may lead to improvements in vaccination and prevention strategies for high-risk groups. A significant outbreak of S. pneumoniae pneumonia that occurred among Marine recruits is reported here.Methods: An outbreak was investigated using standard microbiologic procedures and epidemiologic evaluation to define the extent of the outbreak, determine the microbiologic causative agent(s), identify risk factors for the development of disease, and institute preventive measures against further cases of pneumonia among recruits.Results: Fifty-two cases of radiographically confirmed pneumonia occurred among 3367 Marine recruits over a 2-week period in November 2000. Twenty-five of these cases occurred in a single company of 481 men, with an attack rate of 5.2%. Twelve of the 25 cases were caused by S. pneumoniae, serotypes 4 and 9v. The outbreak rapidly ended following isolation of cases, prophylaxis with oral azithromycin, and administration of the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine.Conclusions: This outbreak of pneumococcal disease occurred in the setting of intense military training and a crowded environment. The use of the pneumococcal vaccine year-round in military trainees and other high-risk populations to reduce pneumococcal disease should be considered.