Tolerance to shift work-how does it relate to sleep and wakefulness?
Tolerance to shift work-how does it relate to sleep and wakefulness?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00420-003-0482-1
复制
发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lowden, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Axelsson, J;Åkerstedt, T;Lowden, A
目标。对于为什么有些人能够忍受轮班工作而另一些人则不能的知识有限。由于不宽容，许多人对自己的轮班安排感到不满。为了评估对轮班制度的不满是否与日常睡眠和困倦模式的改变有关，我们在整个轮班周期中对两组轮班工人进行了跟踪，他们对他们的轮班安排非常满意或不满意。方法。根据对轮班安排的满意度，选出了 36 名男性轮班工人和 20 名女性轮班工人。轮班周期包括七个工作时段（“三班制”；夜班-下午班-早班），轮班之间只有 8-9 小时休息（快速返回），但随后休息一天。结果。夜班（4.8 小时）和下午班（5.4 小时）后睡眠时间缩短。所有轮班期间，尤其是夜班，睡意都会增加。尽管睡意在最后一个轮班后略有增加，但睡意并没有在整个轮班周期中累积。几乎没有显着的性别差异。不满意的轮班工人的困倦程度要高得多，并且睡眠不足，但客观上并没有睡眠质量较差或较短。在不满意的工人中，这导致三班制中各个班次的困倦问题增加。不满意的员工在夜班结束时也会出现更多的表现失误。结论。对轮班时间表的满意度似乎反映了轮班工人对时间表的处理程度。研究表明，不满意的轮班工人在工作期间睡眠/觉醒问题的增加与对睡眠减少和移位的敏感性增加有关。
Objectives. There is limited knowledge as to why some individuals tolerate shift work and others do not. As a consequence of their intolerance, many individuals develop dissatisfaction with their shift schedule. To evaluate if dissatisfaction with one's shift system was related to alterations of the daily pattern of sleep and sleepiness, we followed two groups of shift workers that were either highly satisfied or dissatisfied with their shift schedule, during an entire shift cycle. Methods. Thirty-six male and 20 female shift workers were selected according to their satisfaction with their shift schedule. The shift cycle included seven work periods ("triads" of shifts; night shift-afternoon shift-morning shift), with only 8-9 hours off (quick returns) between shifts, but followed by a day off. Results. Sleep length was reduced after night shifts (4.8 h) and afternoon shifts (5.4 h). Sleepiness was increased during all shifts, particularly night shifts. Sleepiness did not accumulate across the shift cycle even though sleepiness was slightly increased directly after the last triad of shifts. There were few significant gender differences. Dissatisfied shift workers reached much higher levels of sleepiness and reported less sufficient sleep, but not objectively poorer or shorter sleep. Amongst dissatisfied workers, this resulted in an increase of sleepiness problems across shifts within the triad of shifts. Dissatisfied workers also had more performance lapses at the end of the night shift. Conclusions. Satisfaction with the shift schedule seems to reflect how well the shift workers were coping with the schedule. It is suggested that the increase of sleep/wake problems within the work period for the dissatisfied shift workers is related to increased sensitivity to curtailed and displaced sleep.