Protective effects of silicon and silicate salts against white rot disease of onion and garlic, caused by Stromatinia cepivora
Protective effects of silicon and silicate salts against white rot disease of onion and garlic, caused by Stromatinia cepivora
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DOI：
10.1007/s42161-020-00685-1
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发表时间：
2020-10-31
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Abd-El-Kareem, Farid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elshahawy, Ibrahim E.;Osman, Samira A.;Abd-El-Kareem, Farid
本研究旨在确定硅盐和硅酸盐在减少洋葱和大蒜白腐病发病率方面的作用，白腐病是由洋葱和大蒜引起的。在温室条件下，硅盐和硅酸盐的用量分别为0.1、0.2和0.3%。种植前，洋葱移栽和/或蒜瓣在所需浓度中浸泡1小时。种植后，分别于种植后30、60、90 d向植株茎基部补加相同浓度，间隔3次。数据表明，硅和硅酸盐用量为0.3%时施用成功，显著降低了白腐病的发病率，促进了洋葱和大蒜的生长。然而，在0.1、0.2和/或0.3%的情况下，一些处理之间没有显著差异。通过2年的田间试验，评价了0.3%硅盐和硅酸盐对白腐病的防治效果及防治机制。施用硅盐和硅酸盐显著降低了白腐病的发病率，增加了叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、脯氨酸的含量，促进了洋葱和大蒜的鳞茎产量。硅酸钾溶液（Ps）和五水元硅酸钠（Ss）处理效果较好。硅酸钙的处理效果最差。施用硅盐和硅酸盐导致洋葱和大蒜根际土壤脱氢酶和CO2演化增加。硅盐和硅酸盐的施用显著刺激了洋葱和大蒜植物的系统防御酶，并增强了一些基因成蛋白的表达。这些研究结果表明，硅盐和硅酸盐降低了白腐病的发病率，对大田种植的大蒜和洋葱产生了有益的影响，为病害管理提供了一种替代策略。
This study aimed to determine the effect of silicon and silicate salts in reducing the incidence of white rot disease, caused by Stromatinia cepivora, on onion and garlic plants. Under greenhouse conditions silicon and silicate salts was used at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. Before planting, onion transplants and/or garlic cloves were dipped for 1 h in the desired concentration. After planting, stem bases of plants were supplemented with the same concentration three times intervals at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. Data showed that successful application resulted from silicon and silicate salts was obtained at 0.3%, which significantly reduced the incidence of white rot and improved the growth of onion and garlic plants. However, there were no significant differences between some treatments at 0.1, 0.2 and/or 0.3%. Field experiments were conducted in soils naturally infested with S. cepivora for 2 years to evaluate the effect of silicon and silicate salts at 0.3% on white rot incidence as well as the mechanisms underlying the observed of disease reduction. Application of silicon and silicate salts significantly reduced the incidence of white rot disease, increased the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, proline and promoted the bulbs yield of onion and garlic plants. Potassium silicate solution (Ps) and sodium meta silicate pentahydrate (Ss) were more effective treatments. Calcium silicate was the least effective treatment. Application of silicon and silicate salts resulted in the increase of soil dehydrogenase enzyme and CO2 evolution in the rhizospheric soil of onion and garlic plants. Applications of silicon and silicate salts significantly stimulated systemic defense enzymes and enhanced the expressions of some genes into proteins in onion and garlic plants. These findings suggest that silicon and silicate salts reduced the incidence of white rot disease and exerts a beneficial effect on the field-grown garlic and onion plants, providing an alternative disease management strategy.