Relationship between physical activity, body fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness in South African adolescents: the PAHL study
Relationship between physical activity, body fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness in South African adolescents: the PAHL study
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南非青少年体力活动、身体脂肪和心肺健康之间的关系：PAHL 研究
DOI：
10.4314/ajpherd.v23i1:2
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
A. Glapa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monyeki;A. Awotidebe;S. Moss;Martinique Sparks;S. Wushe;B. Coetzee;C. Pienaar;E. Bruwer;H. D. Ridder;M. Swanepoel;D. D. Toit;A. Glapa
心肺功能低下和缺乏运动是与过度肥胖相关的强烈健康预测因素。这项研究的目的是确定南非青少年的体力活动(PA)与心肺功能和身体肥胖之间的关系。对149名在校青少年进行横断面研究，男58名，女91名，平均年龄15.7±0.8岁，参加体力活动与健康纵向研究。根据国际人体测量促进会(ISAK)的标准对体重、身高和皮褶进行评估。随后计算体重指数(BMI)和体脂百分比(%BF)。心肺适宜性由预测的最大摄氧量得出，PA通过心率和加速度法(ActiHeart®，CamNTech)相结合来评估。体力活动按活动类别进行分类。在149名参与者中，100名(67.1%)体重正常，26名(17.5%)体重不足，23名(15.4%)超重。17名女孩(18.7%)和6名男孩(10%)超重或肥胖。男童体重不足患病率为29.3%，女童为9.9%。共有102名(68.5%)参与者久坐不动，47名(31.5%)参与者活动。超重组的体重和肥胖程度显著高于体重不足组和正常组(p<；0.05)。超重青少年的预测最大摄氧量表现最差。女生体重指数与PA呈显著正相关(S=0.007[95%CI：0.007；0.019])。体重指数与最大摄氧量呈显著负相关(男生S=-0.31[95%CI：-0.50；-0.19]；女生S=-0.17[95%CI：-0.33；-0.02])。总而言之，超重的青少年主要是久坐不动，与体重较轻的同龄人相比，他们的心肺健康状况较差。较低的心肺功能表现与相对较高的肥胖度呈负相关。需要以学校为基础的PA计划，以减少相对较高的身体肥胖，并改善青少年的心肺健康。关键词：心肺健康，体力活动，身体肥胖，超重，青少年。
Low cardiorespiratory fitness and inactivity are strong health predictors associated with excessive fatness. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness and body fatness in South African adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed with a subsample of 149 school-going adolescents (58 boys and 91 girls) with a mean age of 15.7 ± 0.8 years whom were participating in the Physical Activity and Health Longitudinal Study (PAHLS). Body mass, height, and skinfolds were assessed according to the standards of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Subsequently, body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (%BF) were calculated. Cardiorespiratory fitness was derived from predicted VO2max, and PA assessed by combined heart rate and accelerometry (ActiHeart®, CamNTech). Physical activity was classified according to activity categories. Out of 149 participants, 100 (67.1%) had normal body mass; 26 (17.5%) were underweight and 23 (15.4%) were overweight. Seventeen (18.7%) girls and six (10%) boys were overweight or obese. The prevalence of underweight in boys was 29.3% and 9.9% in girls. A total of 102 (68.5%) participants were sedentary and 47 (31.5%) were active. The overweight group was significantly (p<0.05) heavier and fatter than the underweight and the normal groups. The lowest performance for predicted VO2max was found in the overweight adolescents. A significant positive relationship was found between BMI and PA in girls (s=0.01 [95%CI: 0.007; 0.019]). A significant negative associations (p<0.05) was found between BMI and VO2max, (Boys; s= -0.31 [95%CI: -0.50; -0.19]; Girls; s= -0.17 [95%CI: -0.33; -0.02]). In conclusion, overweight adolescents were mainly sedentary and performed poorly in cardiorespiratory fitness compared to their underweight peers. Low cardiorespiratory fitness performance was negatively associated with relatively high fatness. School-based PA programmes are needed to reduce relatively high body fatness and improve cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents.Keywords: Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, body fatness, overweight, adolescents.