3He-rich Solar Energetic Particles in Helical Jets on the Sun
3He-rich Solar Energetic Particles in Helical Jets on the Sun
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/aa9d8f
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发表时间：
2018-01-10
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Nitta, Nariaki V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bucik, Radoslav;Innes, Davina E.;Nitta, Nariaki V.
恒星耀斑中的粒子加速在宇宙中是普遍存在的；然而，我们的太阳是唯一一个能同时观测到高能粒子和它们的源耀斑的天体。太阳耀斑的加速机制极大地增强了氦-3和超重核等稀有元素（高达1万倍），这一机制让人困惑了近50年。在这里，我们提出了一些最强烈的氦-3和富铁太阳高能粒子事件的报道。这些事件伴随着非相对论性电子事件和iii型射电暴。相应的高分辨率，极紫外成像观测首次揭示了源耀斑具有射流形状的螺旋结构。螺旋射流起源于相对较小、致密的活动区域，位于日冕洞边界。喷流底部的一根微型细丝似乎触发了这些事件。这些事件是在2014年太阳活动增加期间，由太阳背面的两个日地关系天文台观测到的。螺旋射流可能是这些强烈事件的一个明显特征，与高He-3和铁富集的产生有关。
Particle acceleration in stellar flares is ubiquitous in the universe; however, our Sun is the only astrophysical object where energetic particles and their source flares can both be observed. The acceleration mechanism in solar flares, tremendously enhancing (up to a factor of 10,000) rare elements like He-3 and ultra-heavy nuclei, has been puzzling for almost 50 years. Here we present some of the most intense He-3- and Fe-rich solar energetic particle events ever reported. The events were accompanied by nonrelativistic electron events and type-III radio bursts. The corresponding high-resolution, extreme-ultraviolet imaging observations have revealed for the first time a helical structure in the source flare with a jet-like shape. The helical jets originated in relatively small, compact active regions, located at the coronal-hole boundary. A mini-filament at the base of the jet appears to trigger these events. The events were observed with the two Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatories on the backside of the Sun, during the period of increased solar activity in 2014. The helical jets may be a distinct feature of these intense events that is related to the production of high He-3 and Fe enrichments.