Changes in smoking-related norms in bars resulting from California's Smoke-Free Workplace Act.
Changes in smoking-related norms in bars resulting from California's Smoke-Free Workplace Act.
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DOI：
10.2190/de.42.3.d
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Moore RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Satterlund TD;Lee JP;Moore RS
加州的无烟工作场所法案-加州劳动法典第二节。6404.5（a）-1998年扩大到酒吧。本文分析了该法案通过后十年来与酒吧吸烟相关的规范性信念和行为的变化。在一系列评估酒吧无烟工作场所法律的研究中，研究人员对加州三个县的酒吧工作人员和顾客、卫生官员和执法人员进行了广泛的观察和采访。在外面吸烟成为社交环境中的一种正常停顿，并为外面的吸烟者创造了一种新型的酒吧社交。虽然一些酒吧老板和工作人员报告说，最初对维护法律的责任感到不满，但一旦有关香烟和吸烟的规范开始改变，酒吧工作人员在维护法律方面的冲突就减少了。酒吧内的禁烟行为也成为酒吧顾客的规范行为。加州的《无烟工作场所法》反映并鼓励了与酒吧吸烟有关的规范性信念和行为。研究结果表明，即使在吸烟行为和支持吸烟的态度根深蒂固的情况下，这种转变也是可能的。建议包括在有效的烟草控制计划中注意教育和政策的协同效应。
California’s Smoke-Free Workplace Act— CA Labor Code Sec. 6404.5(a)—was extended to bars in 1998. This paper analyzes changes in normative beliefs and behaviors related to bar smoking in the decade following the adoption of the Act. In a series of studies evaluating the smoke-free workplace law in bars, researchers conducted extensive observations and interviews with bar staff and patrons, health officials, and law enforcement personnel in three California counties. Smoking outside became a normal pause in the social environment and created a new type of bar socializing for outside smokers. Although some bar owners and staff reported initially resenting the responsibility to uphold the law, once norms regarding cigarettes and smoking began changing, bar workers experienced less conflict in upholding the law. Non-smoking behavior within bars also became the normative behavior for bar patrons. California’s Smoke-Free Workplace Act has both reflected and encouraged normative beliefs and behaviors related to smoking in bars. The findings indicate that such shifts are possible even in contexts where smoking behaviors and attitudes supporting smoking were deeply entrenched. Recommendations include attending to the synergistic effect of education and policy in effective tobacco control programs.