A great space weather event in February 1730
A great space weather event in February 1730
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201832735
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发表时间：
2018-05
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
H. Hayakawa;Y. Ebihara;J. Vaquero;Kentaro Hattori;V. Carrasco;M. C. Gallego;Satoshi Hayakawa;Yoshikazu Watanabe;Kiyomi Iwahashi;Harufumi Tamazawa;A. Kawamura;H. Isobe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Hayakawa;Y. Ebihara;J. Vaquero;Kentaro Hattori;V. Carrasco;M. C. Gallego;Satoshi Hayakawa;Yoshikazu Watanabe;Kiyomi Iwahashi;Harufumi Tamazawa;A. Kawamura;H. Isobe
目标。历史记录提供的证据表明，极端磁暴与赤道极光延伸的时代之前，系统的磁观测。1730年2月15日发生了一次重大的磁暴。我们用极光延伸来衡量这场磁暴，并根据当代太阳活动将其置于背景中。方法.我们检查了东亚的历史记录，并计算了观测点的磁纬度（MLAT），以衡量磁暴。我们还将它们与南欧的极光记录进行了比较。我们研究了当代太阳黑子观测，以重建1729年至1731年之间的详细太阳活动。结果我们列出了东亚历史文献中的29个极光记录和37个太阳黑子观测结果。结论.这些记录显示，整个东亚至少在MLAT 25.8°以下都可以看到极光。与欧洲同期记录比较，我们发现极光显示的边界最靠近赤道的位置超过了45.1° MLAT，在最大相位时可能下降到31.5° MLAT，亮度相当高。当代的太阳黑子记录显示，在1730年上半年，在太阳活动周期的下降阶段，有一个活跃的阶段。这次磁暴的强度至少与1989年的磁暴相当，但不及卡林顿事件。
Aims. Historical records provide evidence of extreme magnetic storms with equatorward auroral extensions before the epoch of systematic magnetic observations. One significant magnetic storm occurred on February 15, 1730. We scale this magnetic storm with auroral extension and contextualise it based on contemporary solar activity. Methods. We examined historical records in East Asia and computed the magnetic latitude (MLAT) of observational sites to scale magnetic storms. We also compared them with auroral records in Southern Europe. We examined contemporary sunspot observations to reconstruct detailed solar activity between 1729 and 1731. Results. We show 29 auroral records in East Asian historical documents and 37 sunspot observations. Conclusions. These records show that the auroral displays were visible at least down to 25.8° MLAT throughout East Asia. In comparison with contemporary European records, we show that the boundary of the auroral display closest to the equator surpassed 45.1° MLAT and possibly came down to 31.5° MLAT in its maximum phase, with considerable brightness. Contemporary sunspot records show an active phase in the first half of 1730 during the declining phase of the solar cycle. This magnetic storm was at least as intense as the magnetic storm in 1989, but less intense than the Carrington event.