Graduated driver licensing programs and fatal crashes of 16-year-old drivers: A national evaluation
Graduated driver licensing programs and fatal crashes of 16-year-old drivers: A national evaluation
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2005-2281
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Li, Guohua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Li-Hui;Baker, Susan P.;Li, Guohua
上下文实施毕业驾驶执照计划与降低年轻司机的撞车率有关，但毕业驾驶执照计划的组成部分各不相同。具有不同组成部分的方案的影响尚不清楚。这项工作的目的是确定毕业的驾驶执照计划与最大的减少致命的机动车碰撞涉及16岁的司机。我们使用死亡分析报告系统和美国人口普查局的数据，对1994年至2004年在美国发生致命车祸的所有16岁司机进行了回顾性研究。我们测量了涉及16岁司机的致命机动车碰撞的发生率比率，根据毕业的驾驶执照计划，调整了州和年份。与没有分级驾驶执照计划组成部分的州相比，16岁驾驶员的致命碰撞参与率降低了16%至21%，这些计划包括>= 3个月的强制等待期，夜间驾驶限制，以及>= 30小时的监督驾驶或乘客限制。减少18%至21%发生在州季度的方案，包括>= 5的7个组成部分检查。20至24岁或25至29岁的司机没有经历显着减少。全面的毕业驾驶执照计划与16岁驾驶员致命事故参与率降低20%有关。最大的好处似乎是与包括年龄要求和>= 3个月的等待前的中间阶段，夜间驾驶限制，以及>= 30小时的监督驾驶或乘客限制的计划。
CONTEXT. Implementation of graduated driver licensing programs is associated with reductions in crash rates of young drivers, but graduated driver licensing programs vary in their components. The impact of programs with different components is unknown.OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this work was to determine which graduated driver licensing programs are associated with the greatest reductions in fatal motor vehicle crashes involving 16-year-old drivers.METHODS. We conducted a retrospective study of all 16-year-old drivers involved in fatal crashes in the United States from 1994 through 2004 using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the US Census Bureau. We measured incidence rate ratios of fatal motor vehicle crashes involving 16-year-old drivers according to graduated driver licensing programs, adjusted for state and year.RESULTS. Compared with state quarters with no graduated driver licensing program components, reductions of 16% to 21% in fatal crash involvement rates of 16-year-old drivers occurred with programs that included >= 3-month mandatory waiting period, nighttime driving restriction, and either >= 30 hours of supervised driving or passenger restriction. Reductions of 18% to 21% occurred in state quarters with programs that included >= 5 of the 7 components examined. Drivers aged 20 to 24 or 25 to 29 years did not experience significant reductions.CONCLUSION. Comprehensive graduated driver licensing programs are associated with reductions of similar to 20% in 16-year-old drivers' fatal crash involvement rates. The greatest benefit seems to be associated with programs that include age requirements and >= 3 months of waiting before the intermediate stage, nighttime driving restriction, and either >= 30 hours of supervised driving or passenger restriction.