Sky brightness levels before and after the creation of the first International Dark Sky Reserve, Mont-Megantic Observatory, Quebec, Canada
Sky brightness levels before and after the creation of the first International Dark Sky Reserve, Mont-Megantic Observatory, Quebec, Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jqsrt.2014.01.021
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Roby, Johanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aube, Martin;Roby, Johanne
2007年，梅冈蒂克山天文台（MMO）周围地区被国际暗天协会和加拿大皇家天文协会正式认证为第一个国际暗天保护区（IDSR）。为了能够调查在IDSR建立之前和之后夜间人造光对夜空亮度的影响，我们使用了包括由Martin Aube的小组开发的隐式计算的二阶散射（ILLUMINA）的非均质人造天空亮度模型。该模型产生三种输出：在给定的站点，观测角度和波长的天空辐射和相应的贡献和灵敏度地图。这些地图允许根据周围领土的每个部分来识别天空辐射的起源。对于夏季晴朗的天空条件，结果表明，在MMO周围25公里半径范围内更换照明设备，并将总安装辐射功率降低到初始水平的40%，是降低人工天空亮度的非常有效的方法。在建立IDSR后，在546 nm汞谱线上观察到的天顶处的人造天空亮度降低了50%，而在569 nm钠谱线上观察到的降低了30%。这种减少的很大一部分可能与辐射功率的减少有关。贡献和敏感度图突出了关键区域，其中照明基础设施的任何变化对MMO的天空亮度具有最重要的影响。贡献图和灵敏度图已被用来分析天空亮度降低的详细原因。这项研究的结果旨在支持当局管理其照明基础设施，以降低天空亮度。结果已与MMO官员分享，并被用作改善天文台天空质量的工具。(c)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
In 2007, the area around the Mont-Megantic Observatory (MMO) was officially certified by the International Dark-Sky Association and the Royal Astronomy Association of Canada as the first International Dark Sky Reserve (IDSR). In order to be able to investigate the impact of Artificial Light at Night on night sky brightness before and after the establishment of the IDSR, we used a heterogeneous artificial sky brightness model including an implicit calculation of 2nd order scattering (ILLUMINA) developed by Martin Aube's group. This model generates three kinds of outputs: the sky radiance at the given site, observing angle and wavelength and the corresponding contribution and sensitivity maps. The maps allow for the identification of the origin of the sky radiance according to each part of the surrounding territory. For summer clear sky conditions, the results show that replacing light fixtures within a 25 km radius around the MMO with cut-off High Pressure Sodium devices and reducing the total installed radiant power to similar to 40% of its initial level are very efficient ways of reducing artificial sky brightness. The artificial sky brightness reduction at zenith observed after the establishment of the IDSR was similar to 50% in the 546 nm mercury spectral line, while the reduction obtained in the 569 nm sodium line was similar to 30%. A large part of that reduction can be associated to the reduction in radiant power. The contribution and sensitivity maps highlight critical zones where any changes in the lighting infrastructure have the most important impact on sky brightness at the MMO. Contribution and sensitivity maps have been used to analyze the detailed origin of sky brightness reduction. The results of this study are intended to support authorities in the management of their lighting infrastructure with the goal of reducing sky brightness. The results have been shared with MMO officials and are being used as a tool to improve sky quality at the observatory. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.