Viral takeover of the host ubiquitin system.

Viral takeover of the host ubiquitin system.
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DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2011.00161
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Douglas JL
Douglas JL
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gustin JK;Moses AV;Früh K;Douglas JL

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与其他更充分表征的翻译后修饰(磷酸化、甲基化、乙酰化、酰化等)一样,76 个氨基酸的泛素 (Ub) 蛋白与底物的附着已被证明可以控制无数的细胞过程。作为专性细胞内寄生虫,病毒已经进化出控制许多宿主过程的能力,以最大限度地提高自身生存率,无论是增加病毒产量还是确保潜伏感染宿主细胞的长期生存。病毒可能篡夺 Ub 系统的第一个证据来自 DNA 肿瘤病毒和腺病毒,它们均利用 Ub 来失调宿主细胞周期(Scheffner 等人;Querido 等人)。如今,利用 Ub 的病毒列表几乎包括所有病毒类别的成员,包括 RNA 病毒和 DNA 病毒。其中,有病毒生命周期每个阶段使用 Ub 的例子,包括泛素化和去泛素化。除了仅修改宿主 Ub 系统的病毒外,许多大型 DNA 病毒还编码其自己的 Ub 修改机制。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了病毒利用泛素发挥其优势的多种方式的最新发现。
Like the other more well-characterized post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, acylation, etc.), the attachment of the 76 amino acid ubiquitin (Ub) protein to substrates has been shown to govern countless cellular processes. As obligate intracellular parasites, viruses have evolved the capability to commandeer many host processes in order to maximize their own survival, whether it be to increase viral production or to ensure the long-term survival of latently infected host cells. The first evidence that viruses could usurp the Ub system came from the DNA tumor viruses and Adenoviruses, each of which use Ub to dysregulate the host cell cycle (Scheffner et al.,; Querido et al.,). Today, the list of viruses that utilize Ub includes members from almost every viral class, encompassing both RNA and DNA viruses. Among these, there are examples of Ub usage at every stage of the viral life cycle, involving both ubiquitination and de-ubiquitination. In addition to viruses that merely modify the host Ub system, many of the large DNA viruses encode their own Ub modifying machinery. In this review, we highlight the latest discoveries regarding the myriad ways that viruses utilize Ub to their advantage.
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