Remote sensing of salinity in the San Francisco Bay Delta
Remote sensing of salinity in the San Francisco Bay Delta
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DOI：
10.1016/0034-4257(82)90004-9
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发表时间：
1982-03
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
S. Khorram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Khorram
过去七十年来，人们对旧金山湾三角洲的盐度进行了研究。该河口系统内存在显着的盐度梯度，影响浮游植物的生长和分布以及虾和鱼种群的丰度和洄游。对该地区有管辖权的几个政府机构正在尝试收集大量数据，以有效监测该河口。这些机构可能认为从陆地卫星获取的重复遥感数据有可能为收集和处理水质相关数据提供一种经济高效的方法。在这项研究中，将从 U-2 飞机获取的陆地卫星多光谱扫描仪 (MSS) 数据以及彩色和彩色红外照片与表面测量值相结合，绘制旧金山湾三角洲的盐度图。盐度测量和 U-2 摄影是与陆地卫星立交桥同时获得的。针对 29 个预选样本点，在地面真实数据和 Landsat 数字数据之间建立了回归模型，然后扩展到整个研究区域。结果包括研究区域的盐度图和统计摘要。结果与文献中报告的当年同一时间的盐度值分布基本一致。根据自然色和彩色红外照片以及 Landsat 彩色合成图像的结果和相关分析，得出的结论是：（1）实际上不可能，至少在该测试场地内，通过图像的目视解释对盐度值建立任何定量判断； (2) 本研究首次成功地利用 Landsat 数字数据通过数字处理对该地理区域进行盐度测绘。
Salinity of the San Francisco Bay Delta has been studied for the past seven decades. There is a significant gradient in salinity within this estuarine system that influences the growth and distribution of phytoplankton as well as the abundance and migration of shrimp and fish population. Several government agencies which have jurisdictions over this area are attempting to gather extensive data for effectively monitoring of this estuary. Repetitive remotely sensed data acquired from Landsat may be considered by these agencies as having the potential to provide a cost-effective method for gathering and processing water quality related data. In this study, Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and color and color infrared photographs acquired from a U-2 aircraft were combined with surface measurements for salinity mapping of the San Francisco Bay Delta. The salinity measurements and U-2 photography were obtained simultaneously and coincident with landsat overpass. A regression model was developed between the surface truth data and Landsat digital data for 29 preselected sample sites and was then extended to the entire study area. The results included a salinity map of the study area and the statistical summaries. The results were in general agreement with the reported distribution of salinity values in the literature for the same time of the year. Based on the results and the associated analyses of natural color and color infrared photographs and Landsat color composite imagery, it was concluded that: (1) it was virtually impossible, at least within this test site, to establish any quantitative judgement regarding the salinity values by visual interpretation of the imagery; and (2) the present study constitutes the first effort to successfully use Landsat digital data for salinity mapping, by means of digital processing, for this geographic area.