Cuticle ultrastructure differences among the four adult forms of Deladenus nitobei (Tylenchomorpha: Allantonematidae)
Cuticle ultrastructure differences among the four adult forms of Deladenus nitobei (Tylenchomorpha: Allantonematidae)
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四种 Deladenus nitobei 成虫的角质层超微结构差异（Tylenchomorpha：Allantonematidae）
DOI：
10.1163/15685411-bja10144
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Kanzaki Natsumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ekino Taisuke;Yoshiga Toyoshi;Kanzaki Natsumi
木蜂（Deladenus nitobei）是木蜂（sirex nitobeia）的寄生物种，是一种真菌食源性植物。，线虫寄生在黄蜂身上，并被带到一个新的环境（一棵死树），在那里它以与黄蜂共生的真菌amylostereum areolatum为食后繁殖。其复杂的生活史包括四种成虫形式：雄性分枝虫、雌性分枝虫、雌性昆虫感染虫和雌性昆虫寄生虫。了解d .的词形策略。透射电镜观察了四种成虫的角质层超微结构。并将其结构与其他六叶纲物种进行了比较，特别是与fergusobiaspp进行了比较。透射电镜（TEM）显示，侵染雌虫的d。与寄生雄性和寄生雌性相比，寄生雄性和寄生雌性的角质层更发达，而寄生雌性的角质层则不发达。发达的角质层使。感染nitobeie的雌性利用肥大的柱头主动移动并容易穿透宿主角质层。在寄生阶段，角质层结构具有典型的昆虫寄生阶段，如阴生虫，但存在一定差异。未发现残留的角质层，但保留在叶面上。这些结构上的差异意味着d。nitobebeis正处于通过表皮获取营养的进化过程中，而fergusobibia则处于这一进化趋势的末期。
Deladenus nitobei, a hexatylinid species, is a parasite of the wood waspSirex nitobeiand a fungal feeder,i.e., the nematode parasitises the wasp to be carried to a new environment (a dead tree) where it propagates after feeding onAmylostereum areolatum, a fungus mutualistically associated with the wasp. The complex life history involves four adult forms: mycophagous male, mycophagous female, insect-infective female, and insect-parasitic female. To understand the morphological strategies ofD. nitobei, the cuticle ultrastructure of the four adult forms was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structures were compared with those of other hexatylinid species, particularlyFergusobiaspp. TEM revealed that the insect-infective females ofD. nitobeihave a more developed cuticle compared with mycophagous males and females, whereas insect-infective females ofFergusobiado not. The developed cuticle enablesD. nitobeiinfective females to move actively and easily penetrate the host cuticle using their hypertrophied stylet. In terms of parasitic stage, the cuticle structure was typical of an insect-parasitic stage, as inFergusobia, although with some differences. A remnant cuticle is not found inFergusobiayet retained inD. nitobei. These structural differences imply thatD. nitobeiis in the middle of evolving transepidermal nutrient acquisition fromper osacquisition, whereasFergusobiais near the end of this evolutionary trend.