Testing Models of Psychopathology in Preschool-aged Children Using a Structured Interview-based Assessment
Testing Models of Psychopathology in Preschool-aged Children Using a Structured Interview-based Assessment
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-014-9865-x
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Klein, Daniel N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olino, Thomas M.;Dougherty, Lea R.;Klein, Daniel N.
许多研究发现，宽带内化和外化因素为理解儿童期、青春期和成年期的精神病理学结构提供了一个简约的框架。然而，这些研究中很少有研究幼儿的精神病理学，最近的几项研究发现了替代模型的支持，包括一个共同和特定因素的双因素模型。本研究使用父母（通常是母亲）的报告，在社区样本的3岁儿童（n = 541; 53.9%男性）的诊断访谈比较的内在-外在的潜在因素模型与双因素模型。双因素模型提供了更好的数据拟合。为了测试这个解决方案的同时有效性，我们研究了这个模型和父亲的报告和实验室观察的儿童气质之间的关联。内化因子与低水平的激越和高水平的恐惧相关;外化因子与高水平的激越和去抑制以及低水平的努力控制相关;而共同因子与高水平的激越和负面影响以及低水平的努力控制相关。这些结果表明，学龄前儿童的精神病理学可以解释为一个单一的，共同的因素影响几乎所有的障碍和独特的内在和外在因素。这些研究结果表明，在内化和外化域的共享方差是实质性的，并与最近的建议，情绪调节困难可能是一个共同的弱点，为广泛的精神病理学是一致的。
A number of studies have found that broadband internalizing and externalizing factors provide a parsimonious framework for understanding the structure of psychopathology across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. However, few of these studies have examined psychopathology in young children, and several recent studies have found support for alternative models, including a bi-factor model with common and specific factors. The present study used parents' (typically mothers') reports on a diagnostic interview in a community sample of 3-year old children (n = 541; 53.9 % male) to compare the internalizing-externalizing latent factor model with a bi-factor model. The bi-factor model provided a better fit to the data. To test the concurrent validity of this solution, we examined associations between this model and paternal reports and laboratory observations of child temperament. The internalizing factor was associated with low levels of surgency and high levels of fear; the externalizing factor was associated with high levels of surgency and disinhibition and low levels of effortful control; and the common factor was associated with high levels of surgency and negative affect and low levels of effortful control. These results suggest that psychopathology in preschool-aged children may be explained by a single, common factor influencing nearly all disorders and unique internalizing and externalizing factors. These findings indicate that shared variance across internalizing and externalizing domains is substantial and are consistent with recent suggestions that emotion regulation difficulties may be a common vulnerability for a wide array of psychopathology.